ArticleScientific reports2018
A Saliva Protein of Varroa Mites Contributes to the Toxicity toward Apis cerana and the DWV Elevation in A. mellifera.
Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Parasitic Mites of Honey Bees (Apis Spp.): A Detailed Review of Varroa destructor in Parasitism, Pathogen Transmission and its Management.Acta parasitologica · 2025Review
- The salivary gland transcriptome of Varroa destructor reveals suitable targets for RNAi-based mite control.Insect molecular biology · 2025Article
- Assessing the role of key genes involved in the reproductive success of the honey bee parasite Varroa destructor.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Salivary Cystatin-L2-like ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Review
- Parallel evolution ofProceedings. Biological sciences · 2021Article
- A salivary chitinase of Varroa destructor influences host immunity and mite's survival.PLoS pathogens · 2020Article
- Cell Lines for Honey Bee Virus Research.Viruses · 2020Review
- Reproduction of DistinctInsects · 2019Article
- Article
- Divergent evolutionary trajectories following speciation in two ectoparasitic honey bee mites.Communications biology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Varroa destructor mites express strong avoidance of the Apis cerana worker brood in the field. The molecular mechanism for this phenomenon remains unknown. We identified a Varroa toxic protein (VTP), which exhibited toxic activity toward A. cerana worker larvae, in the saliva of these mites, and expressed VTP in an Escherichia coli system. We further demonstrated that recombinant VTP killed A. cerana worker larvae and pupae in the absence of deformed-wing virus (DWV) but was not toxic to A. cerana worker adults and drones. The recombinant VTP was safe for A. mellifera individuals, but resulted in elevated DWV titers and the subsequent development of deformed-wing adults. RNAi-mediated suppression of vtp gene expression in the mites partially protected A. cerana larvae. We propose a modified mechanism for Varroa mite avoidance of worker brood, due to mutual destruction stress, including the worker larvae blocking Varroa mite reproduction and Varroa mites killing worker larvae by the saliva toxin. The discovery of VTP should provide a better understanding of Varroa pathogenesis, facilitate host-parasite mechanism research and allow the development of effective methods to control these harmful mites.
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