ArticlePloS one2018
Differences between co-cultures and monocultures in testing the toxicity of particulate matter derived from log wood and pellet combustion.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Crude Plant Extracts and Their Anti-Inflammatory Potential in Oral Inflammatory Cell Models: A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Translocation of (ultra)fine particles and nanoparticles across the placenta; a systematic review on the evidence of in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2020Pooled it
- Nano-Encapsulated Black Bean-CultivatedNutrients · 2026Article
- The Genotoxic Potential of Organic Emissions from Domestic Boilers Combusting Biomass and Fossil Fuels.Toxics · 2025Article
- Influence of macrophages and neutrophilic granulocyte-like cells on crystalline silica-induced toxicity in human lung epithelial cells.Toxicology research · 2025Article
- The effects of photochemical aging and interactions with secondary organic aerosols on cellular toxicity of combustion particles.Journal of aerosol science · 2025Article
- Wildfire-relevant woodsmoke and extracellular vesicles (EVs): Alterations in EV proteomic signatures involved in extracellular matrix degradation and tissue injury in airway organotypic models.Environmental research · 2025Article
- Cellular Pre-Adaptation to the High OAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Assessment of wood smoke induced pulmonary toxicity in normal- and chronic bronchitis-like bronchial and alveolar lung mucosa models at air-liquid interface.Respiratory research · 2024Article
- Common Pollen Modulate Immune Responses against Viral-Like Challenges in Airway Coculture Model.Journal of immunology research · 2023Article
- Dynamic Fluid Flow Exacerbates the (Pro-)Inflammatory Effects of Aerosolised Engineered Nanomaterials In Vitro.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Effect of combustion particle morphology on biological responses in a Co-culture of human lung and macrophage cells.Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994) · 2022Article
- Comparison of biological responses between submerged, pseudo-air-liquid interface, and air-liquid interface exposure of A549 and differentiated THP-1 co-cultures to combustion-derived particles.Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering · 2022Article
- Urban air PM modifies differently immune defense responses against bacterial and viral infections in vitro.Environmental research · 2021Article
- Cell-Type-Specific High Throughput Toxicity Testing in Human Midbrain Organoids.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2021Article
- Influence of wood species on toxicity of log-wood stove combustion aerosols: a parallel animal and air-liquid interface cell exposure study on spruce and pine smoke.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2020Article
- Particulate inorganic salts and trace element emissions of a domestic boiler fed with five commercial brands of wood pellets.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2020Article
- Differential effects of diesel exhaust particles on T cell differentiation and autoimmune disease.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn vitro studies with monocultures of human alveolar cells shed deeper knowledge on the cellular mechanisms by which particulate matter (PM) causes toxicity, but cannot account for mitigating or aggravating effects of cell-cell interactions on PM toxicity.
methodsWe assessed inflammation, oxidative stress as well as cytotoxic and genotoxic effects induced by PM from the combustion of different types of wood logs and softwood pellets in three cell culture setups: two monocultures of either human macrophage-like cells or human alveolar epithelial cells, and a co-culture of these two cell lines. The adverse effects of the PM samples were compared between these setups.
resultsWe detected clear differences in the endpoints between the mono- and co-cultures. Inflammatory responses were more diverse in the macrophage monoculture and the co-culture compared to the epithelial cells where only an increase of IL-8 was detected. The production of reactive oxygen species was the highest in epithelial cells and macrophages seemed to have protective effects against oxidative stress from the PM samples. With no metabolically active cells at the highest doses, the cytotoxic effects of the PM samples from the wood log combustion were far more pronounced in the macrophages and the co-culture than in the epithelial cells. All samples caused DNA damage in macrophages, whereas only beech and spruce log combustion samples caused DNA damage in epithelial cells. The organic content of the samples was mainly associated with cytotoxicity and DNA damage, while the metal content of the samples correlated with the induction of inflammatory responses.
conclusionsAll of the tested PM samples induce adverse effects and the chemical composition of the samples determines which pathway of toxicity is induced. In vitro testing of the toxicity of combustion-derived PM in monocultures of one cell line, however, is inadequate to account for all the possible pathways of toxicity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.