ArticlePhysics in medicine and biology2018
Assessment of PCXMC for patients with different body size in chest and abdominal x ray examinations: a Monte Carlo simulation study.
Article in Physics in medicine and biology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and validation of a 3D-printed dosimetry phantom for paediatric radiology.Physical and engineering sciences in medicine · 2026Article
- Breast Organ Dose and Radiation Exposure Reduction in Full-Spine Radiography: A Phantom Model Using PCXMC.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Optimising Radiation Dose Estimation: UNSCEAR DAP-to-ED Conversion in Uterine Artery Embolisation.Journal of medical radiation sciences · 2025Article
- Skeletal surveys for suspected infant abuse: patient-specific radiation dose estimation using a hybrid computational phantom.Pediatric radiology · 2025Article
- The machine-vision image guided surgery system reduces fluoroscopy time, ionizing radiation and intraoperative blood loss in posterior spinal fusion for scoliosis.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2023Article
- Dose Reduction and Image Quality Optimization of Pediatric Chest Radiography Using a Tungsten Filter.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Visual Evaluation of Image Quality of a Low Dose 2D/3D Slot Scanner Imaging System Compared to Two Conventional Digital Radiography X-ray Imaging Systems.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- A novel personalized dosimetry method for endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) procedures.European radiology · 2021Article
- Radiographic and fluoroscopic X-ray systems: Quality control of the X-ray tube and automatic exposure control using theoretical spectra to determine air kerma and dose to a homogenous phantom.Journal of applied clinical medical physics · 2021Article
- Age-specific and gender-specific radiation risks in paediatric angiography and interventional cardiology: conversion coefficients and risk reference values.The British journal of radiology · 2020Article
- Organ-specific dose coefficients derived from Monte Carlo simulations for historical (1930s to 1960s) fluoroscopic and radiographic examinations of tuberculosis patients.Journal of radiological protection : official journal of the Society for Radiological Protection · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
A PC Program for x ray Monte Carlo (PCXMC) has been used to calculate organ doses in patient dosimetry and for the exposure assessment in epidemiological studies of radiogenic health related risks. This study compared the dosimetry from using the built-in stylized phantoms in the PCXMC to that of a newer hybrid phantom library with improved anatomical realism. We simulated chest and abdominal x ray projections for 146 unique body size computational phantoms, 77 males and 69 females, with different combinations of height (125-180 cm) and weight (20-140 kg) using the built-in stylized phantoms in the PCXMC version 2.0.1.4 and the hybrid phantom library using the Monte Carlo N-particle eXtended transport code 2.7 (MCNPX). Unfortunately, it was not possible to incorporate the hybrid phantom library into the PCXMC. We compared 14 organ doses, including dose to the active bone marrow, to evaluate differences between the built-in stylized phantoms in the PCXMC and the hybrid phantoms (Cristy and Eckerman 1987 Technical Report ORNL/TM-8381/V1, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Eckerman and Ryman 1993 Technical Report 12 Oak Ridge, TN, Geyer et al 2014 Phys. Med. Biol. 59 5225-42). On average, organ doses calculated using the built-in stylized phantoms in the PCXMC were greater when compared to the hybrid phantoms. This is most prominent in AP abdominal exams by an average factor of 2.4-, 2.8-, and 2.8-fold for the 10-year-old, 15-year-old, and adult phantoms, respectively. For chest exams, organ doses are greater by an average factor of 1.1-, 1.4-, and 1.2-fold for the 10-year-old, 15-year-old, and adult phantoms, respectively. The PCXMX, due to its ease of use, is often selected to support dosimetry in epidemiological studies; however, it uses simplified models of the human anatomy that fail to account for variations in body morphometry for increasing weight. For epidemiological studies that use PCXMC dosimetry, associations between radiation-related disease risks and organ doses may be underestimated, and to a greater degree in pediatric, especially obese pediatric, compared to adult patients.
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