ReviewNutrients2018
Approaches for Reducing the Risk of Early-Life Iron Deficiency-Induced Brain Dysfunction in Children.
Review in Nutrients, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Infant formula iron fortification of 2 vs. 8 mg/L does not increase the risk of iron deficiency or impact neurodevelopment at 12 months.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2026Trial
- The Effects of Delayed Cord Clamping on 12-Month Brain Myelin Content and Neurodevelopment: A Randomized Controlled Trial.American journal of perinatology · 2022Trial
- Changes in Iron Status Are Related to Changes in Brain Activity and Behavior in Rwandan Female University Students: Results from a Randomized Controlled Efficacy Trial Involving Iron-Biofortified Beans.The Journal of nutrition · 2019Trial
- Association of iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anemia with behavioral problems in children with autism: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Article
- Research progress on the relationship betweenFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Early life stress and iron metabolism in developmental psychoneuroimmunology.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- Prognostic Performance of Hematological and Serum Iron and Metabolite Indices for Detection of Early Iron Deficiency Induced Metabolic Brain Dysfunction in Infant Rhesus Monkeys.The Journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Serum ferritin values in neonates <29 weeks' gestation are highly variable and do not correlate with reticulocyte hemoglobin content.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2023Article
- The Interaction between Psychological Stress and Iron Status on Early-Life Neurodevelopmental Outcomes.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Article
- Adapting prenatal iron supplementation to maternal needs results in optimal child neurodevelopment: a follow-up of the ECLIPSES Study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Article
- Association between Obesity and Anemia in a Nationally Representative Sample of South Korean Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Dietary Approaches to Iron Deficiency Prevention in Childhood-A Critical Public Health Issue.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Iron supplementation of breastfed Gambian infants from 6 weeks to 6 months of age: protocol for a randomised controlled trial.Wellcome open research · 2022Article
- Timing of iron deficiency and recognition memory in infancy.Nutritional neuroscience · 2022Article
- Evaluation of the Relationship Between Serum and Urine Ferritin Level of Low Birth Weight Infants.Iranian journal of pathology · 2022Article
- Neonatal Reference Intervals for the Complete Blood Count Parameters MicroR and HYPO-He: Sensitivity Beyond the Red Cell Indices for Identifying Microcytic and Hypochromic Disorders.The Journal of pediatrics · 2021Article
- Iron supplementation in anemic Zanzibari toddlers is associated with greater loss in erythrocyte iron isotope enrichment.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2021Article
- Urinary ferritin; a potential noninvasive way to screen NICU patients for iron deficiency.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Iron deficiency is the most common micronutrient deficiency in the world. Women of reproductive age and young children are particularly vulnerable. Iron deficiency in late prenatal and early postnatal periods can lead to long-term neurobehavioral deficits, despite iron treatment. This may occur because screening and treatment of iron deficiency in children is currently focused on detection of anemia and not neurodevelopment. Anemia is the end-stage state of iron deficiency. The brain becomes iron deficient before the onset of anemia due to prioritization of the available iron to the red blood cells (RBCs) over other organs. Brain iron deficiency, independent of anemia, is responsible for the adverse neurological effects. Early diagnosis and treatment of impending brain dysfunction in the pre-anemic stage is necessary to prevent neurological deficits. The currently available hematological indices are not sensitive biomarkers of brain iron deficiency and dysfunction. Studies in non-human primate models suggest that serum proteomic and metabolomic analyses may be superior for this purpose. Maternal iron supplementation, delayed clamping or milking of the umbilical cord, and early iron supplementation improve the iron status of at-risk infants. Whether these strategies prevent iron deficiency-induced brain dysfunction has yet to be determined. The potential for oxidant stress, altered gastrointestinal microbiome and other adverse effects associated with iron supplementation cautions against indiscriminate iron supplementation of children in malaria-endemic regions and iron-sufficient populations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.