ArticleAnnals of general psychiatry2018
A survey of caregiver burden in those providing informal care for patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder with agitation: results from a European study.
Article in Annals of general psychiatry, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of Family Interventions in Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review.Bipolar disorders · 2026Pooled it
- A systematic review comparing caregiver burden and psychological functioning in caregivers of individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and bipolar disorders.BMC psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Determinants of overburdening among informal carers: a systematic review.BMC geriatrics · 2020Pooled it
- Exploring factors associated with personal recovery in bipolar disorder.Psychology and psychotherapy · 2021Trial
- Designing and characterizing first Iranian study evaluating serum levels of lithium in patients for population pharmacokinetics (FIRELOLIPOP): baseline and first report.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Life dispositions of caregivers of a family member with mental disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Depression in caregivers of patients with schizophrenia: a scoping review.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2024Article
- Perceived Burden and Quality of Life in Caregivers of Patients with Schizophrenia in Saudi Arabia's Eastern Province: A Cross-sectional Study.Clinical practice and epidemiology in mental health : CP & EMH · 2024Article
- Impact of tardive dyskinesia on patients and caregivers: a survey of caregivers in the United States.Journal of patient-reported outcomes · 2023Article
- Review
- Dynamic functional hippocampal markers of residual depressive symptoms in euthymic bipolar disorder.Brain and behavior · 2023Article
- Stigma, lost opportunities, and growth: Understanding experiences of caregivers of persons with mental illness in Tamil Nadu, India.Transcultural psychiatry · 2023Article
- Nurses', patients', and informal caregivers' attitudes toward aggression in psychiatric hospitals: A comparative survey study.PloS one · 2022Article
- Designing and testing of a health-economic Markov model to assess the cost-effectiveness of treatments for Bipolar disorder: TiBipoMod.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Women's Perception of Spousal Psychotic Disorders: A Qualitative Study.Iranian journal of psychiatry · 2019Article
- Prescription practices in the treatment of agitation in newly hospitalized Chinese schizophrenia patients: data from a non-interventional naturalistic study.BMC psychiatry · 2019Observational
- Inhaled Loxapine for the Management of Acute Agitation in Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia: Expert Review and Commentary in an Era of Change.Drugs in R&D · 2019Review
- Caregiver-Reported Burden in RE-KINECT: Data From a Prospective Real-World Tardive Dyskinesia Screening Study.Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses AssociationArticle
- Learner experiences of a carer-focused massive open online course on psychosis: A qualitative study.Digital healthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAgitation is a common feature of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Previous research indicates that specific symptoms impact caregiver burden in these conditions, but the impact of agitation on caregiver experience is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to characterise caregiver burden in providers of informal care for patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia who experience agitation.
methodsIn total, 297 matched patient and caregiver surveys were collected across the UK, Germany and Spain between October 2016 and January 2017. To be eligible, caregivers needed to provide informal care to a patient with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder or schizophrenia with agitation managed in a community setting and participating in the patient survey. The caregiver survey captured information on demographics and their role in managing the patient's agitation. Caregiver burden was assessed using the Involvement Evaluation Questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was conducted.
resultsCaregivers provided 38.3 h (SD ± 40.34) a week of support to the patient with 20% providing 50 h or more. Most caregivers reported that they recognised an episode of agitation all of the time (44%,
conclusionsCaregivers are active participants in the recognition and management of agitation episodes. The substantial burden reported by these caregivers is impacted by factors including the number of hours of care provided, patient behaviours and country. These may be viable targets for effective interventions to reduce caregiver burden.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.