ReviewFrontiers in immunology2018
Understanding Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Risk in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Treated with Immunomodulatory Therapies: A Bird's Eye View.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Natalizumab 6-Week Dosing vs Continued 4-Week Dosing for Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2024Trial
- Persistence of intraocular JC-virus associated with a MacTel phenotype.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Article
- JCV-specific cell-based assays for PML risk assessment in lupus and multiple sclerosis patients with and without natalizumab.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Long-term prognosis and overall mortality in patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- MicroRNAs as a possible biomarker in the treatment of multiple sclerosis.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2022Review
- Reducing infection risk in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: a Brazilian reference center's approach.Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2022Article
- Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy or immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome after fingolimod cessation? A case report.BMC neurology · 2022Article
- Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Pediatric Onset Multiple Sclerosis With Ocrelizumab and Ustekinumab in a JC-virus Positive Adolescent.JPGN reports · 2022Article
- Cladribine Tablets for Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: A Clinician's Review.Neurology and therapy · 2022Review
- Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in dimethyl fumarate-treated multiple sclerosis patients.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2022Review
- Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy genetic risk variants for pharmacovigilance of immunosuppressant therapies.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Infection Mitigation Strategies for Multiple Sclerosis Patients on Oral and Monoclonal Disease-Modifying Therapies.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2021Review
- Neuregulin-1 beta 1 is implicated in pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2021Article
- The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Demyelination of the Central Nervous System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- A case report of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy during steroid treatment for ANCA-associated renal vasculitis.CEN case reports · 2020Article
- Prevalence of Human Polyomavirus JC and BK in Normal Population.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2020Article
- Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and granule cell neuronopathy with novel mutation flanking VP1 C-terminus in natalizumab-extended interval dosing.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2020Article
- The Role of Vesicle Trafficking and Release in Oligodendrocyte Biology.Neurochemical research · 2020Review
- JCPyV NCCR analysis in PML patients with different risk factors: exploring common rearrangements as essential changes for neuropathogenesis.Virology journal · 2020Article
- Early reduction of the splicing factor2/alternative splicing factor: a cellular inhibitor of the JC polyomavirus in natalizumab-treated MS patients long before developing progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.Journal of neurovirology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The increased use of newer potent immunomodulatory therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS), including natalizumab, fingolimod, and dimethyl fumarate, has expanded the patient population at risk for developing progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). These MS therapies shift the profile of lymphocytes within the central nervous system (CNS) leading to increased anti-inflammatory subsets and decreased immunosurveillance. Similar to MS, PML is a demyelinating disease of the CNS, but it is caused by the JC virus. The manifestation of PML requires the presence of an active, genetically rearranged form of the JC virus within CNS glial cells, coupled with the loss of appropriate JC virus-specific immune responses. The reliability of metrics used to predict risk for PML could be improved if all three components, i.e., viral genetic strain, localization, and host immune function, were taken into account. Advances in our understanding of the critical lymphocyte subpopulation changes induced by these MS therapies and ability to detect viral mutation and reactivation will facilitate efforts to develop these metrics.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.