Trial reportBrain stimulation
Rostral anterior cingulate cortex is a structural correlate of repetitive TMS treatment response in depression.
Trial report in Brain stimulation. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07684911 (Longitudinal Study on the Sustainability of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Protocols - Biomarkers), which is not on this map. Cited by 49 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Longitudinal Study on the Sustainability of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Protocols - Biomarkers
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Impact of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Reading Processes: A Systematic Review.Neuropsychology review · 2023Pooled it
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Patients with Exposure Therapy Resistant Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (TETRO): Study Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2026Trial
- Cortical thickness is related to working memory performance after non-invasive brain stimulation.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2023Trial
- Cortical Thickness in the Right Anterior Cingulate Cortex Relates to Clinical Response to Left Prefrontal Accelerated Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation: An Exploratory Study.Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2021Trial
- Structural correlates underlying accelerated magnetic stimulation in Parkinson's disease.Human brain mapping · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Cerebral cortical alterations in adolescent early-onset psychosis: a surface-based morphometry mega-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- A prospective observational within-person MRI morphometric study comparing ictal and interictal brain volumes in status migrainosus.Neuroimage. Reports · 2026Article
- Positive bias in brain and behaviour as a mechanism of transcranial magnetic stimulation depression treatment.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- A review of mechanisms and optimization strategies for clinical improvement after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in bipolar disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Effect of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on the Symptoms and Brain Imaging in Patients with Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial.Pain and therapy · 2025Article
- Burnout and the Brain-A Mechanistic Review of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Investigating mood and cognition in people with multiple sclerosis: a prospective cross-sectional study protocol.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Investigating Mood and Cognition in People with Multiple Sclerosis: A Prospective Study Protocol.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Enhanced Cognition and Modulation of Brain Connectivity in Mild Neurocognitive Disorder: The Promise of Transcranial Pulse Stimulation.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Mapping the Relationship of White Matter Lesions to Depression in Multiple Sclerosis.Biological psychiatry · 2024Article
- Mitochondrial Metabolism in Major Depressive Disorder: From Early Diagnosis to Emerging Treatment Options.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Electroconvulsive therapy-induced volumetric brain changes converge on a common causal circuit in depression.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an effective treatment for medication-refractory major depression, yet the mechanisms of action for this intervention are poorly understood. Here we investigate cerebral cortex thickness as a possible biomarker of rTMS treatment response.
methodsLongitudinal change in cortical thickness is evaluated relative to clinical outcomes across 48 participants in 2 cohorts undergoing left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex rTMS as a treatment for depression.
resultsOur results reveal changes in thickness in a region of the left rostral anterior cingulate cortex that correlate with clinical response, with this region becoming thicker in patients who respond favorably to rTMS and thinner in patients with a less favorable response. Moreover, the baseline cortical thickness in this region correlates with rTMS treatment response - those patients with thinner cortex before treatment tended to have the most clinical improvement.
conclusionsThis study is the first analysis of longitudinal cortical thickness change with rTMS as a treatment for depression with similar results across two cohorts. These results support further investigation into the use of structural MRI as a possible biomarker of rTMS treatment response.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.