ArticleJournal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society2019
Characteristics and Outcomes of Coronavirus Infection in Children: The Role of Viral Factors and an Immunocompromised State.
Article in Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 91 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
91 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 175 citations in OpenAlex.
- COVID-19 PICU guidelines: for high- and limited-resource settings.Pediatric research · 2020Guideline
- Implications of COVID-19 in high burden countries for HIV/TB: A systematic review of evidence.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Pooled it
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children: a systematic review of imaging findings.Pediatric radiology · 2020Pooled it
- Molecular detection of endemic coronaviruses and enterovirus D68 in respiratory samples from 2016 in Panama: a retrospective study.Virology journal · 2026Article
- Impact of Routine Respiratory Pathogen Panel Test on Outcome of Pediatric Oncology Patients With Febrile Neutropenia.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Cryptic Circulation and Co-Infections of Endemic Human Coronaviruses During the First Years of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil.Advances in respiratory medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- Down Syndrome in Children: A Primary Immunodeficiency with Immune Dysregulation.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Complications of the Central Nervous System in Pediatric Patients With Common Cold Coronavirus Infection During 2014-2019.Journal of Korean medical science · 2023Article
- COVID 19 infection clinical features in pediatric patients in Southwestern Iran: a cross-sectional, multi-center study.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- The Burden of Human Parechoviruses Among Children in Oman: A retrospective study.Sultan Qaboos University medical journal · 2023Article
- Knowledge toward COVID-19 in children among undergraduate students at the beginning of COVID-19 era.Nursing open · 2023Article
- Impact of human coronavirus infections on paediatric patients at a tertiary paediatric hospital: a retrospective study of the prepandemic era.The Journal of hospital infection · 2023Article
- Parents' attitudes toward childhood COVID-19 immunization in Croatia: a multicenter cross-sectional study.Croatian medical journal · 2023Article
- Manifestations of COVID-19 infection in children with malignancy: A single-center experience in Jordan.World journal of virology · 2022Article
- Critically Ill Pediatric Patient and SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Femur fracture in a paediatric patient with hereditary hyaline fibromatosis syndrome.BMJ case reports · 2022Article
- Review
- Airway disease in hematologic malignancies.Expert review of respiratory medicine · 2022Review
- SARS-CoV-2 and endemic coronaviruses: Comparing symptom presentation and severity of symptomatic illness among Nicaraguan children.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2022Article
31 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundImmunocompromised children might be predisposed to serious infections from human coronaviruses (HCoVs), including strains OC43, NL63, HKU1, and 229E; however, the virologic and clinical features of HCoV infection in immunocompromised children have not been compared to those in nonimmunocompromised children.
methodsWe retrospectively analyzed a cohort of children who presented to Seattle Children's Hospital and in whom HCoV was detected by a multiplex respiratory polymerase chain reaction assay of a nasal sample between October 2012 and March 2016. Lower respiratory tract disease (LRTD) was defined as possible or definite infiltrate seen in chest imaging, need for oxygen, or abnormal lung examination in conjunction with a physician diagnosis of LRTD. We used logistic regression modeling to evaluate risk factors for LRTD and LRTD that necessitated oxygen use (severe LRTD), including an immunocompromised state, in children with HCoV infection.
resultsThe median ages of 85 immunocompromised and 1152 nonimmunocompromised children with HCoV infection were 6.3 and 1.6 years, respectively. The prevalence of LRTD and of severe LRTD did not differ greatly between the immunocompromised and nonimmunocompromised patients (22% vs 26% [LRTD] and 15% vs 11% [severe LRTD], respectively); however, in a multivariable model, an immunocompromised state was associated with an increased likelihood of severe LRTD (adjusted odds ratio, 2.5 [95% confidence interval, 1.2-4.9]; P = .01). Younger age, having an underlying pulmonary disorder, and the presence of respiratory syncytial virus were also associated with LRTD or severe LRTD in multivariable models. The risks of LRTD or severe LRTD did not differ among the children with different HCoV strains.
conclusionsThe presence of a copathogen and host factors, including an immunocompromised state, were associated with increased risk for severe LRTD. Recognizing risk factors for severe respiratory illness might assist in risk stratification.
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