Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29445940›Full record

ArticleBreast cancer research and treatment2018

Differences in breast cancer incidence among young women aged 20-49 years by stage and tumor characteristics, age, race, and ethnicity, 2004-2013.

Meredith L Shoemaker, Mary C White, Manxia Wu, Hannah K Weir, Isabelle Romieu

Abstract readHistorical Article
In one paragraph

Article in Breast cancer research and treatment, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 115 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
115citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

115 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  9. Outcomes of Breast Cancer Patients by Race and Ethnicity.Breast care (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
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55 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Meredith L ShoemakerEpidemiology and Applied Research Branch, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Bldg. 107, F-76, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA. mxw5@cdc.gov.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1995-6470
Mary C WhiteEpidemiology and Applied Research Branch, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Bldg. 107, F-76, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9826-3962
Manxia WuEpidemiology and Applied Research Branch, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Bldg. 107, F-76, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA.
Hannah K WeirEpidemiology and Applied Research Branch, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Bldg. 107, F-76, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA.
Isabelle RomieuNutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.

Funding

Intramural CDC HHS CC999999World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeYounger women diagnosed with breast cancer have poorer prognoses and higher mortality compared to older women. Young black women have higher incidence rates of breast cancer and more aggressive subtypes than women of other races/ethnicities. In this study, we examined recent trends and variations in breast cancer incidence among young women in the United States.

methodsUsing 2004-2013 National Program of Cancer Registries and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program data, we calculated breast cancer incidence rates and trends and examined variations in stage, grade, and tumor subtype by age and race/ethnicity among young women aged 20-49 years.

resultsThe majority of breast cancer cases occurred in women aged 40-44 and 45-49 years (77.3%). Among women aged < 45 years, breast cancer incidence was highest among black women. Incidence trends increased from 2004 to 2013 for Asian or Pacific Islander (API) women and white women aged 20-34 years. Black, American Indian or Alaska Native, and Hispanic women had higher proportions of cases diagnosed at later stages than white and API women. Black women had a higher proportion of grade III-IV tumors than other racial/ethnic groups. Across all age groups, incidence rates for triple-negative breast cancer were significantly higher in black women than women of other races/ethnicities, and this disparity increased with age.

conclusionsBreast cancer among young women is a highly heterogeneous disease. Differences in tumor characteristics by age and race/ethnicity suggest opportunities for further research into personal and cultural factors that may influence breast cancer risk among younger women.

Indexed as

AdultAge FactorsBiomarkers, TumorBreast NeoplasmsEthnicityFemaleHealthcare DisparitiesHistory, 21st CenturyHumansIncidenceMiddle AgedNeoplasm GradingNeoplasm StagingRacial GroupsYoung AdultBiomarkers, TumorBreast cancerCancer registriesHealth disparitiesTriple-negative breast cancerTumor subtypeYoung women

Identifiers

PMID29445940
PMCPMC5955792

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.