ArticleFrontiers in human neuroscience2018
The Two-Systems Account of Theory of Mind: Testing the Links to Social- Perceptual and Cognitive Abilities.
Article in Frontiers in human neuroscience, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Familiarity with children improves the ability to recognize children's mental states: an fMRI study using the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Task and the Nencki Children Eyes Test.Scientific reports · 2020Trial
- Understanding social behaviours across neurodiverse young people: roles of social cognition and self-regulation.BJPsych open · 2025Article
- Review
- Mentalizing in a movie for the assessment of social cognition (MASC): the validation in a taiwanese sample.BMC psychology · 2023Article
- Cognitive predictors of Social processing in congenital atypical development.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2023Article
- Face masks negatively skew theory of mind judgements.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- "Where's Wally?" Identifying theory of mind in school-based social skills interventions.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Review
- Investigating the neural substrates of Antagonistic Externalizing and social-cognitive Theory of Mind: an fMRI examination of functional activity and synchrony.Personality neuroscience · 2021Article
- COVID-19 Pandemic, Personality and Geriatric Population: Proposed Pragmatism.Journal of patient experience · 2021Article
- Impaired Performance on the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test in First-Episode Psychosis and Clinical High Risk for Psychosis.Psychiatry investigation · 2020Article
- Theory of mind and psychosocial characteristics in older men.Psychology and aging · 2019Article
- Article
- Unraveling the Link Between Trauma and Problematic Alcohol Use Over Time: The Influence of Executive Function and Social Cognition Deficits.Clinical psychology & psychotherapyArticle
- Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
According to the two-systems account of theory of mind (ToM), understanding mental states of others involves both fast social-perceptual processes, as well as slower, reflexive cognitive operations (Frith and Frith, 2008; Apperly and Butterfill, 2009). To test the respective roles of specific abilities in either of these processes we administered 15 experimental procedures to a large sample of 343 participants, testing ability in face recognition and holistic perception, language, and reasoning. ToM was measured by a set of tasks requiring ability to track and to infer complex emotional and mental states of others from faces, eyes, spoken language, and prosody. We used structural equation modeling to test the relative strengths of a social-perceptual (face processing related) and reflexive-cognitive (language and reasoning related) path in predicting ToM ability. The two paths accounted for 58% of ToM variance, thus validating a general two-systems framework. Testing specific predictor paths revealed language and face recognition as strong and significant predictors of ToM. For reasoning, there were neither direct nor mediated effects, albeit reasoning was strongly associated with language. Holistic face perception also failed to show a direct link with ToM ability, while there was a mediated effect via face recognition. These results highlight the respective roles of face recognition and language for the social brain, and contribute closer empirical specification of the general two-systems account.
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