Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29444658›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2018

Impact of tobacco control policies on adolescent smokeless tobacco and cigar use: a difference-in-differences approach.

Summer Sherburne Hawkins, Nicoline Bach, Christopher F Baum

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Examining Demand and Substitutability of Usual Brand Little Cigars/Cigarillos and Cigarettes in Young Adults Who Dual Use.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. A Conceptual Framework for Understanding Multiple Tobacco Product Use and the Impact of Regulatory Action.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2019
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Polytobacco Use Among a Nationally Representative Sample of Adolescent and Young Adult E-Cigarette Users.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2018
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Summer Sherburne HawkinsBoston College, School of Social Work, McGuinn Hall, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA. summer.hawkins@bc.edu.
Nicoline BachDepartment of Economics, Boston College, Maloney Hall, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA.
Christopher F BaumBoston College, School of Social Work, McGuinn Hall, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWhile increasing cigarette taxes has been a major policy driver to decrease smoking, taxes on other tobacco products have received less attention. Our aims were to evaluate the impact of chewing tobacco/cigar taxes, cigarette taxes, and smoke-free legislation on adolescent male and female use of smokeless tobacco and cigars.

methodsWe analyzed data on 499,381 adolescents age 14-18 years from 36 US states in the Youth Risk Behavior Surveys (1999-2013) linked to state-level tobacco control policies. We conducted difference-in-differences regression models to assess whether changes in taxes and the enactment of smoke-free legislation were associated with smokeless tobacco use and, separately, cigar use. Models were stratified by adolescent sex.

resultsWe found that chewing tobacco taxes had no effect on smokeless tobacco use and cigar taxes had no effect on cigar use. In contrast, among males a 10% increase in cigarette taxes was associated with a 1.0 percentage point increase (0.0010, 95% CI 0.0003-0.0017) in smokeless tobacco use. A 10% increase in cigarette taxes was also associated with a 1.5 percentage point increase (0.0015, 95% CI 0.0006-0.0024) in cigar use among males and a 0.7 percentage point increase (0.0007, 95% CI 0.0001-0.0013) in cigar use among females. There was some evidence that smoke-free legislation was associated with an 1.1 percentage point increase (0.0105, 95% CI 0.0015-0.0194) in smokeless tobacco use among males only, but no effect of smoke-free legislation on cigar use for males or females.

conclusionsHigher state cigarette taxes are associated with adolescents' use of cheaper, alternative tobacco products such as smokeless tobacco and cigars. Reducing tobacco use will require comprehensive tobacco control policies that are applied equally to and inclusive of all tobacco products.

Indexed as

Public PolicyAdolescentAdolescent BehaviorFemaleHumansMaleRisk-TakingSmokingSurveys and QuestionnairesTaxesTobacco ProductsTobacco, SmokelessTobacco UseUnited StatesAdolescentCigarette smokingCigarsSmoke-free policySmokeless tobaccoTaxes

Identifiers

PMID29444658
PMCPMC5813367

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.