ReviewJournal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research2018
IL-2 and Beyond in Cancer Immunotherapy.
Review in Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 126 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary omega-3 fatty acids and endometrial cancer risk in the Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium: An individual-participant meta-analysis.Gynecologic oncology · 2023Pooled it
- TransCon IL-2 β/γ: a novel long-acting prodrug with sustained release of an IL-2Rβ/γ-selective IL-2 variant with improved pharmacokinetics and potent activation of cytotoxic immune cells for the treatment of cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2022Trial
- Vaccine-Induced Antibodies Mediate Higher Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity After Interleukin-15 Pretreatment of Natural Killer Effector Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Trial
- Serum IL-2 levels are associated with disease activity and related to dyslipidaemia and the immunological profile in systemic lupus erythematosus.Lupus science & medicine · 2026Article
- Non-specific Protein and Peptide Antibacterial Factors of Mammals.The protein journal · 2026Review
- The Pleiotropic Roles of Cytokines in Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell Therapy.Cancer immunology research · 2026Review
- IL-2 Receptor Expression in Renal Cell Carcinoma Cells: IL-2 Influences Cell Survival and Induces Cell Death.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- Constructing the cure: engineering the next wave of antibody and cellular immune therapies.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Review
- IL-15: from discovery to FDA approval.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2025Article
- The Predictive Significance of Interleukin-2 Receptor in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2025Article
- Adherent Natural Killer Cells De Novo Express IL-2Rα and Sustain Long-Lasting, Potent Anti-Tumor Activity in Picomolar Concentrations of IL-2.Journal of cancer immunology · 2025Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors in melanoma: mechanisms, immune cell interactions, and the tumour microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Foot-and-mouth disease virus-like particle vaccine incorporating dominant T and B cell epitopes: enhanced immune response in piglets with CD154 molecules.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Analysis of polyfunctionality for enhanced BAFF-R CAR T-cell therapy for hematologic malignancies.Blood advances · 2024Article
- rhIL-7-hyFc, a long-acting interleukin-7, improves efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy in solid tumors.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- The potential contribution of aberrant cathepsin K expression to gastric cancer pathogenesis.Discover oncology · 2024Article
- Mathematical model for IL-2-based cancer immunotherapy.Mathematical biosciences · 2024Article
- Immunotherapy of Clear-Cell Renal-Cell Carcinoma.Cancers · 2024Review
- Review
- Self-Assembly Study of Block Copolypeptoids in Response to pH and Temperature Stimulation.Polymers · 2024Article
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The development of the T- and natural killer (NK) cell growth factor IL-2 has been a sentinel force ushering in the era of immunotherapy in cancer. With the advent of clinical grade recombinant IL-2 in the mid-1980s, oncologists could for the first time directly manipulate lymphocyte populations with systemic therapy. By itself, recombinant IL-2 can induce clinical responses in up to 15% of patients with metastatic cancer or renal cell carcinoma. When administered with adoptively transferred tumor-reactive lymphocytes, IL-2 promotes T cell engraftment and response rates of up to 50% in metastatic melanoma patients. Importantly, these IL-2-driven responses can yield complete and durable responses in a subset of patients. However, the use of IL-2 is limited by toxicity and concern of the expansion of T regulatory cells. To overcome these limitations and improve response rates, other T cell growth factors, including IL-15 and modified forms of IL-2, are in clinical development. Administering T cell growth factors in combination with other agents, such as immune checkpoint pathway inhibitors, may also improve efficacy. In this study, we review the development of T- and NK cell growth factors and highlight current combinatorial approaches based on these reagents.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.