ArticlePsychological science2018
Hair and Salivary Testosterone, Hair Cortisol, and Externalizing Behaviors in Adolescents.
Article in Psychological science, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of Callous and Unemotional (CU) Traits on the Development of Youth with Behavioral Disorders: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Men of Color Health Awareness intervention: changes in adrenocortical activity assessed using fingernail cortisol.Frontiers in public health · 2025Trial
- Prevalence and factors associated with bullying based on the Indonesian version of revised Olweus/Bully Victim Questionnaire (OBVQ-R) among senior high school students.BMJ paediatrics open · 2026Article
- Testosterone Levels, Challenging Parenting Behavior, and Protective Parenting Behavior: A Correlational Study Among First-Time Fathers in the First Year of Fatherhood.Developmental psychobiology · 2026Article
- Hair testosterone and cortisol interactively predict problematic pornography use in a male sample.Journal of behavioral addictions · 2026Article
- Does including multiple hormones and family context together clarify hormone-behavior associations? A systematic review.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2025Review
- Seasonal variations in testicular imaging, hemodynamic patterns, semen quality, hormonal, nitric oxide levels, and antioxidant profiles in male camel (Camelus dromedaries).Veterinary research communications · 2025Article
- Do Child Gender Stereotypes Mediate Associations Between Human Fathers' Testosterone Levels and Paternal Involvement? Two Studies.Developmental psychobiology · 2025Article
- The Association of Cortisol and Testosterone Interaction With Inpatient Violence: Examining the Dual-Hormone Hypothesis in a Psychiatric Setting.Aggressive behavior · 2025Article
- Moderating and mediating mechanisms of the association between endogenous testosterone and aggression in youth: A study protocol.PloS one · 2025Article
- No evidence for an association of testosterone and cortisol hair concentrations with social decision-making in a large cohort of young adults.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2024Article
- Sex-specific associations between co-exposure to multiple metals and externalizing symptoms in adolescence and young adulthood.Environmental research · 2024Article
- Do Hormone Levels Influence Bullying during Childhood and Adolescence? A Systematic Review of the Literature.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- On the complex relationship between resilience and hair cortisol levels in adolescence despite parental physical abuse: a fourth wave of resilience research.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Fluctuations of testosterone and cortisol levels in male dromedary camels in response to behavioral and management situations.Open veterinary journal · 2024Article
- Within-person associations of cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone, and testosterone hair hormone concentrations and psychological distress in pregnant and non-pregnant women.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2023Article
- Segmental hair analysis as a retrospective testosterone diary: possibilities and pitfalls.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Relationship Dysfunction in Couples When One Partner Is Diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder: Findings from a Pilot Study.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Pre-pandemic socio-emotional vulnerability, internalizing and externalizing symptoms predict changes in hair cortisol concentrations in reaction to the COVID-19 pandemic in children.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2022Article
- An in-laboratory stressor reveals unique genetic variation in child cortisol output.Developmental psychology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Although testosterone is associated with aggression in the popular imagination, previous research on the links between testosterone and human aggression has been inconsistent. This inconsistency might be because testosterone's effects on aggression depend on other moderators. In a large adolescent sample ( N = 984, of whom 460 provided hair samples), we examined associations between aggression and salivary testosterone, hair testosterone, and hair cortisol. Callous-unemotional traits, parental monitoring, and peer environment were examined as potential moderators of hormone-behavior associations. Salivary testosterone was not associated with aggression. Hair testosterone significantly predicted increased aggression, particularly at low levels of hair cortisol (i.e., Testosterone × Cortisol interaction). This study is the first to examine the relationship between hair hormones and externalizing behaviors and adds to the growing literature that indicates that androgenic effects on human behavior are contingent on aspects of the broader endocrine environment-in particular, levels of cortisol.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.