ArticleNeurology. Clinical practice2015
Development of benzodiazepines for out-of-hospital management of seizure emergencies.
Article in Neurology. Clinical practice, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06271096 (Intramuscular Midazolam Versus Intravenous Diazepam for Acute Seizure in Children), which is not on this map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Intramuscular Midazolam Versus Intravenous Diazepam for Acute Seizure in Children
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intranasal Diazepam Outperforms Midazolam and Lorazepam in Early Seizure Control in Pilocarpine-Induced Mice Model.Neurochemical research · 2026Article
- Benzodiazepines for the Treatment of Seizure Clusters.CNS drugs · 2024Review
- Current summary of the evidence in drone-based emergency medical services care.Resuscitation plus · 2023Review
- Review
- Overcoming the challenges of developing an intranasal diazepam rescue therapy for the treatment of seizure clusters.Epilepsia · 2021Article
- A Short Review on the Intranasal Delivery of Diazepam for Treating Acute Repetitive Seizures.Pharmaceutics · 2020Review
- Observational
- Efficacy of nonvenous medications for acute convulsive seizures: A network meta-analysis.Neurology · 2015Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Management of seizure emergencies substantially changed after the introduction of rectal diazepam in Europe in the 1970s and in the United States in the 1990s. Although safe and effective, social objections and legal concerns have limited use of rectal diazepam products in out-of-hospital treatment of seizure emergencies. Shortly after the introduction of Diastat (diazepam rectal gel), commercial development of innovative formulations began involving several benzodiazepines and routes of administration, including buccal, IM, nasal, and subcutaneous. All benzodiazepines have the same mechanism of action; however, there are major differences in physicochemical properties and pharmacokinetic characteristics, which affect the choice of drug and route. This article highlights some of those differences and their effect on selection of therapies for treating seizure emergencies. We also present results from key clinical studies of these drugs and provide an update on current status of new products under development.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.