SynthesisBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2018
A descriptive systematic review of salivary therapeutic drug monitoring in neonates and infants.
Synthesis in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Saliva as a TDM Matrix and Its Application in the Model-Informed Precision Dosing.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Can we Predict Drug Excretion into Saliva? A Systematic Review and Analysis of Physicochemical Properties.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2024Pooled it
- A descriptive systematic review of salivary therapeutic drug monitoring in neonates and infants.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2018Pooled it
- Pre-Analytical Stability of Mycophenolic Acid and Its Glucuronide in Saliva Samples Stored in Cotton SalivettePharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Plasma-saliva correlations for total and unbound mycophenolic acid and its glucuronide in children with nephrotic syndrome.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- A Review of Graphene-Integrated Biosensors for Non-Invasive Biochemical Monitoring in Health Applications.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Saliva as a matrix for therapeutic drug monitoring and disease biomarkers in children and adolescents.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2025Review
- Review of Precision Medicine and Diagnosis of Neonatal Illness.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Saliva assay: a call for methodological standardization.Journal of periodontal & implant science · 2025Review
- Personalized Dosing of Medicines for Children: A Primer on Pediatric Pharmacometrics for Clinicians.Paediatric drugs · 2024Review
- Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for mycophenolic acid and its glucuronide determination in saliva samples from children with nephrotic syndrome.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2024Article
- Albendazole metabolites excretion in human saliva as a biomarker to assess treatment compliance in mass drug administration (MDA) anthelmintic programs.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Evaluating the Pharmacokinetics of Fentanyl in the Brain Extracellular Fluid, Saliva, Urine, and Plasma of Newborns from Transplacental Exposure from Parturient Mothers Dosed with Epidural Fentanyl Utilizing PBPK Modeling.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2023Article
- Saliva as a noninvasive sampling matrix for therapeutic drug monitoring of intravenous busulfan in Chinese patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A prospective population pharmacokinetic and simulation study.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2023Article
- [Validation of the immunological method of kinetic interaction of microparticles in solution (KIMS) for the determination of phenytoin in saliva at the Hospital de Niños de Santísima Trinidad.]Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Medicas (Cordoba, Argentina) · 2023Article
- Salivary Biomarkers of Anti-Epileptic Drugs: A Narrative Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The Analysis of Pethidine Pharmacokinetics in Newborn Saliva, Plasma, and Brain Extracellular Fluid After Prenatal Intrauterine Exposure from Pregnant Mothers Receiving Intramuscular Dose Using PBPK Modeling.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2023Article
- The association of salivary caffeine levels with serum concentrations in premature infants with apnea of prematurity.European journal of pediatrics · 2022Observational
- Use of Antibiotics in Preterm Newborns.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Saliva as Blood Alternative in Therapeutic Monitoring of Teriflunomide-Development and Validation of the Novel Analytical Method.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsSaliva, as a matrix, offers many benefits over blood in therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), in particular for infantile TDM. However, the accuracy of salivary TDM in infants remains an area of debate. This review explored the accuracy, applicability and advantages of using saliva TDM in infants and neonates.
methodsDatabases were searched up to and including September 2016. Studies were included based on PICO as follows: P: infants and neonates being treated with any medication, I: salivary TDM vs. C: traditional methods and O: accuracy, advantages/disadvantages and applicability to practice. Compounds were assessed by their physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties, as well as published quantitative saliva monitoring data.
resultsTwenty-four studies and their respective 13 compounds were investigated. Four neutral and two acidic compounds, oxcarbazepine, primidone, fluconazole, busulfan, theophylline and phenytoin displayed excellent/very good correlation between blood plasma and saliva. Lamotrigine was the only basic compound to show excellent correlation with morphine exhibiting no correlation between saliva and blood plasma. Any compound with an acid dissociation constant (pKa) within physiological range (pH 6-8) gave a more varied response.
conclusionThere is significant potential for infantile saliva testing and in particular for neutral and weakly acidic compounds. Of the properties investigated, pKa was the most influential with both logP and protein binding having little effect on this correlation. To conclude, any compound with a pKa within physiological range (pH 6-8) should be considered with extra care, with the extraction and analysis method examined and optimized on a case-by-case basis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.