ReviewFrontiers in immunology2018
Impact of Cigarette Smoking on the Gastrointestinal Tract Inflammation: Opposing Effects in Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 113 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
113 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 218 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of colchicine post myocardial infarction: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis of randomized clinical trials.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Passive smoking exposure and incidence and disease outcomes of inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Population Pharmacokinetics and Exposure-Response Relationships of Etrolizumab in Patients with Moderately-to-Severely Active Crohn's Disease.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Trial
- Tobacco smoking and severity of COVID-19: Experience from a hospital-based prospective cohort study in Lyon, France.Journal of medical virology · 2021Trial
- Macrophage-Specific NF-κB Activation Dynamics Can Segregate Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Trial
- Phenotypic Heterogeneity in Crohn's Disease-Associated Intestinal Strictures: An Exploratory Retrospective Cohort Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Airborne Particulate Matter as an Emerging Driver of Gastric Carcinogenesis: Molecular Pathways Linking Inflammation and Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Cervical Esophageal Characteristics in Smokers Versus Non-Smokers: An Ultrasonographic Comparative Analysis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease: exploring the impacts of environmental factors.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2026Review
- Understanding Frailty in IBD: Implications for Clinical Outcomes and Multidisciplinary Care.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Ulcerative colitis: signaling pathways, therapeutic targets and interventional strategies.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Article
- Cigarette smoke modulates virulence-related properties and host immune responses inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- How Do Optometrists Approach Directed Questioning on Smoking Status in a Centrally Co-Ordinated, Publicly-Funded National Primary Care Eye Health Service?Clinical optometry · 2026Article
- Comparative effects of alternate tobacco products and traditional tobacco smoking on various organ/systems: A guide to regulators and health policy makers.Toxicology reports · 2025Review
- The gut immune axis in ulcerative colitis: insights from microbiome research.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- Curcumin in Inflammatory Complications: Therapeutic Applications and Clinical Evidence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Prevalence of Anti-Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Advancements in Immunomodulatory Therapies for IBD and Their Interplay With the Gut-Brain Axis: An Updated Review of Current Literature and Beyond.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Review
53 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for gastrointestinal disorders, such as peptic ulcer, Crohn's disease (CD), and several cancers. The mechanisms proposed to explain the role of smoking in these disorders include mucosal damage, changes in gut irrigation, and impaired mucosal immune response. Paradoxically, cigarette smoking is a protective factor for the development and progression of ulcerative colitis (UC). UC and CD represent the two most important conditions of inflammatory bowel diseases, and share several clinical features. The opposite effects of smoking on these two conditions have been a topic of great interest in the last 30 years, and has not yet been clarified. In this review, we summarize the most important and well-understood effects of smoking in the gastrointestinal tract; and particularly, in intestinal inflammation, discussing available studies that have addressed the causes that would explain the opposite effects of smoking in CD and UC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.