ArticleBMJ open2018
Factors associated with health literacy in multimorbid patients in primary care: a cross-sectional study in Switzerland.
Article in BMJ open, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Association of Health Literacy with Sociodemographic Factors and Medication Adherence Among Primary Health Care Users in Montenegro.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Addressing multiple long-term conditions in the undergraduate medical school curriculum: a focus group study.BMC medical education · 2025Article
- Patient Experiences With Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir for COVID-19 in a Collaborative Care Model: A Cross-Sectional Study on Self-Management, Information, and Medication Impact.Journal of patient experience · 2025Article
- Physicians' and Patients' Expectations From Digital Agents for Consultations: Interview Study Among Physicians and Patients.JMIR human factors · 2024Article
- Socio-demographic, agricultural, and personal protective factors in relation to health literacy among farmers from all regions of Thailand.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Protecting Personhood: A Classic Grounded Theory.Qualitative health research · 2023Article
- Scoping review of measures of treatment burden in patients with multimorbidity: advancements and current gaps.Journal of clinical epidemiology · 2023Article
- Low health literacy and multiple medications in community-dwelling older adults: a population-based cohort study.BMJ open · 2022Article
- Exploring the ability of self-report measures to identify risk of high treatment burden in chronic disease patients: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2022Article
- HIV and antiretroviral treatment knowledge gaps and psychosocial burden among persons living with HIV in Lima, Peru.PloS one · 2021Article
- Association of Health Literacy and Nutritional Status Assessment with Glycemic Control in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Nutrients · 2020Article
- Health literacy among participants from neighbourhoods with different socio-economic statuses in the southern region of Hungary: a pilot study.BMC public health · 2020Article
- Numeracy Skills and Self-Reported Mental Health in People Aging Well.The Psychiatric quarterly · 2019Article
- Health Literacy: Current Status and Challenges in the Work of Family Doctors in Bosnia and Herzegovina.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Assessment of health literacy in the adult population registered to family medicine physicians in the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.The European journal of general practice · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo identify factors associated with health literacy in multimorbid patients.
designA nationwide cross-sectional study in Switzerland. Univariate and multivariate linear regressions were calculated to identify variables associated with health literacy. A multiple imputation approach was used to deal with missing values.
participantsMultimorbid patients recruited in primary care settings (n=888), above 18 years old and suffering from at least 3 of 75 chronic conditions on a predefined list based on the International Classification of Primary Care 2. MAIN MEASURES: Health literacy was assessed using the European Health Literacy Survey project questionnaire (HLS-EU 6). This comprises six items scored from 1 to 4 (very difficult=1, fairly difficult=2, fairly easy=3, very easy=4), and the total health literacy score is computed as their mean. As we wished to understand the determinants associated with lower health literacy, the HLS-EU 6 score was the only dependent variable; all other covariates were considered independent.
resultsThe mean health literacy score (SD) was 2.9 (0.5). Multivariate analyses found significant associations between low health literacy scores and treatment burden scores (β=-0.004, 95% CI -0.006 to 0.002); marital status, predominantly the divorced group (β=0.136, 95% CI 0.012 to 0.260); dimensions of the EuroQuol 5 Dimension 3 Level (EQ5D3L) quality of life assessment, that is, for moderate problems with mobility (β=-0.086, 95% CI -0.157 to 0.016); and with moderate problems (β=-0.129, 95% CI -0.198 to 0.060) and severe problems with anxiety/depression (β=-0.343, 95% CI -0.500 to 0.186).
conclusionsMultimorbid patients with a high treatment burden, altered quality of life by problems with mobility, anxiety or depression, often also have low levels of health literacy. Primary care practitioners should therefore pay particular attention to these patients in their daily practice.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.