ArticleAmerican journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism2018
Plasma endocannabinoid levels in lean, overweight, and obese humans: relationships to intestinal permeability markers, inflammation, and incretin secretion.
Article in American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between the FAAH C385A variant (rs324420) and obesity-related traits: a systematic review.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2024Pooled it
- Oleoylethanolamide supplementation improves mood and reduces fatigue in veterans with GWI in a 15-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled exploratory clinical trial.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Mediterranean diet consumption affects the endocannabinoid system in overweight and obese subjects: possible links with gut microbiome, insulin resistance and inflammation.European journal of nutrition · 2021Trial
- Effects of oral, smoked, and vaporized cannabis on endocrine pathways related to appetite and metabolism: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, human laboratory study.Translational psychiatry · 2020Trial
- Rare endocannabinoid system variants identified by whole-exome sequencing and structural modeling in adults with severe obesity predominantly of childhood onset.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Endocannabinoid signaling is a critical link between circadian desynchronization and metabolic dysfunction.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Higher plasma levels of endocannabinoids and analogues are correlated with a worse cardiometabolic profile in middle-aged adults.Journal of physiology and biochemistry · 2025Article
- Review
- Article
- The Endocannabinoid System and Physical Activity-A Robust Duo in the Novel Therapeutic Approach against Metabolic Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Mutual Links between the Endocannabinoidome and the Gut Microbiome, with Special Reference to Companion Animals: A Nutritional Viewpoint.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Review
- Multi-omics analysis reveals the metabolic regulators of duodenal low-grade inflammation in a functional dyspepsia model.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- The Microbiome and Gut Endocannabinoid System in the Regulation of Stress Responses and Metabolism.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Review
- Endocannabinoids, endocannabinoid-like molecules and their precursors in human small intestinal lumen and plasma: does diet affect them?European journal of nutrition · 2021Observational
- Review
- Cannabis and Cannabis Derivatives for Abdominal Pain Management in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Medical cannabis and cannabinoids · 2021Review
- Polysorbate 80-induced leaky gut impairs skeletal muscle metabolism in mice.Physiological reports · 2020Article
- Cannabinoid CBNutrients · 2020Article
- The association of dietary patterns with endocannabinoids levels in overweight and obese women.Lipids in health and disease · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Intestinal production of endocannabinoid and oleoylethanolamide (OEA) is impaired in high-fat diet/obese rodents, leading to reduced satiety. Such diets also alter the intestinal microbiome in association with enhanced intestinal permeability and inflammation; however, little is known of these effects in humans. This study aimed to 1) evaluate effects of lipid on plasma anandamide (AEA), 2-arachidonyl- sn-glycerol (2-AG), and OEA in humans; and 2) examine relationships to intestinal permeability, inflammation markers, and incretin hormone secretion. Twenty lean, 18 overweight, and 19 obese participants underwent intraduodenal Intralipid infusion (2 kcal/min) with collection of endoscopic duodenal biopsies and blood. Plasma AEA, 2-AG, and OEA (HPLC/tandem mass spectrometry), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) (multiplex), and duodenal expression of occludin, zona-occludin-1 (ZO-1), intestinal-alkaline-phosphatase (IAP), and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) (by RT-PCR) were assessed. Fasting plasma AEA was increased in obese compared with lean and overweight patients ( P < 0.05), with no effect of BMI group or ID lipid infusion on plasma 2-AG or OEA. Duodenal expression of IAP and ZO-1 was reduced in obese compared with lean ( P < 0.05), and these levels related negatively to plasma AEA ( P < 0.05). The iAUC for AEA was positively related to iAUC GIP ( r = 0.384, P = 0.005). Obese individuals have increased plasma AEA and decreased duodenal expression of ZO-1 and IAP compared with lean and overweight subjects. The relationships between plasma AEA with duodenal ZO-1, IAP, and GIP suggest that altered endocannabinoid signaling may contribute to changes in intestinal permeability, inflammation, and incretin release in human obesity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.