ReviewGut2018
Modern diagnosis of GERD: the Lyon Consensus.
Review in Gut, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 8 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 547 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Benefit of Pharyngeal and Oesophageal pH-impedance of Patients With High Suspicion of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux
Ablation Of The Esophagogastric Junction With Hybrid Argon Plasma Vs Mucosectomy With Band in Patients With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Without Hiatal Hernia
Real-life Study of Changes of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Manifestations Due to Behavioural and Diet Adherence
Near Focus NBI-Driven Artificial Intelligence for the Diagnosis of Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux Disease
Defining High-Resolution Manometry Thresholds of Backward Pressure Across the Lower Esophageal Sphincter Through Straight Leg Raise Maneuver Predictive of Pathologic Acid Exposure Time
Efficacy and Safety of Thread Embedding Acupuncture Combined With PPI in Treating GERD
Determination of the Change in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy by 24-hour Multichannel Intraluminal Impedance and pH Test
Comparison of Laparoscopic Nissen Fundoplication and Hill-Snow Repair for Hiatus Hernia With Endoscopic Evaluation: Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
547 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,416 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of gastroesophageal reflux disease with the incidence of multiple cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- European clinical practice guideline: managing and treating laryngopharyngeal reflux disease.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Guideline
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease after biliopancreatic diversion-duodenal switch: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Surgical endoscopy · 2025Pooled it
- Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux Disease Outcomes Following Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery in Patients with Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Obesity surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Short Versus Standard Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy for Esophageal Achalasia: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Association between body mass index at different levels and risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review with dose-response meta-analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Pooled it
- SAGES guidelines for the surgical treatment of hiatal hernias.Surgical endoscopy · 2024Guideline
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a two-sample Mendelian randomization combined with meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Pooled it
- Gastro-esophageal diagnostic workup before bariatric surgery or endoscopic treatment for obesity: position statement of the International Society of Diseases of the Esophagus.Diseases of the esophagus : official journal of the International Society for Diseases of the Esophagus · 2024Guideline
- The Effect of Dexlansoprazole on Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease and atrial fibrillation: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.International journal of medical sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Uncovering the Mechanisms of Failure of Proton Pump Inhibitors in GERD: The Role of Esophageal Acid Sensitivity.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Trial
- Comparative study between the effect of Nissen fundoplication and Toupet fundoplication on postoperative manometry findings. A randomized control trial study.Surgical endoscopy · 2025Trial
- Characterization of gastroesophageal reflux in patients during anesthesia induction: a high-resolution impedance manometry study.Die Anaesthesiologie · 2025Trial
- Efficacy and safety of anti-reflux mucosal ablation therapy at 12 months.Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2025Trial
- Exploratory analyses of meal-induced heartburn identify distinct clinical phenotypes of gastroesophageal reflux disease.Physiological reports · 2025Trial
- Antireflux mucosectomy for gastroesophageal reflux disease: efficacy and the mechanism of action.Endoscopy · 2024Trial
- Effect of anti-reflux suture on gastroesophageal reflux symptoms after one anastomosis gastric bypass: a randomized controlled trial.Surgical endoscopy · 2024Trial
- Positive effect of deep diaphragmatic breathing training on gastroesophageal reflux-induced chronic cough: a clinical randomized controlled study.Respiratory research · 2024Trial
487 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 12 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Clinical history, questionnaire data and response to antisecretory therapy are insufficient to make a conclusive diagnosis of GERD in isolation, but are of value in determining need for further investigation. Conclusive evidence for reflux on oesophageal testing include advanced grade erosive oesophagitis (LA grades C and D), long-segment Barrett's mucosa or peptic strictures on endoscopy or distal oesophageal acid exposure time (AET) >6% on ambulatory pH or pH-impedance monitoring. A normal endoscopy does not exclude GERD, but provides supportive evidence refuting GERD in conjunction with distal AET <4% and <40 reflux episodes on pH-impedance monitoring off proton pump inhibitors. Reflux-symptom association on ambulatory reflux monitoring provides supportive evidence for reflux triggered symptoms, and may predict a better treatment outcome when present. When endoscopy and pH or pH-impedance monitoring are inconclusive, adjunctive evidence from biopsy findings (histopathology scores, dilated intercellular spaces), motor evaluation (hypotensive lower oesophageal sphincter, hiatus hernia and oesophageal body hypomotility on high-resolution manometry) and novel impedance metrics (baseline impedance, postreflux swallow-induced peristaltic wave index) can add confidence for a GERD diagnosis; however, diagnosis cannot be based on these findings alone. An assessment of anatomy, motor function, reflux burden and symptomatic phenotype will therefore help direct management. Future GERD management strategies should focus on defining individual patient phenotypes based on the level of refluxate exposure, mechanism of reflux, efficacy of clearance, underlying anatomy of the oesophagogastric junction and psychometrics defining symptomatic presentations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.