ArticleBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2018
Adverse events linked with the use of chimeric and humanized anti-CD20 antibodies in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.
Article in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Rituximab for Steroid-Dependent or Frequently Relapsing Nephrotic Syndrome in Children.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Pooled it
- The Efficacy and Safety of Rituximab for Childhood Steroid-Dependent Nephrotic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Pooled it
- Rituximab for very low dose steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome in children: a randomized controlled study.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2020Trial
- Low-dose ofatumumab for multidrug-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2020Trial
- Obinutuzumab as a therapeutic option for SDNS children resistant to rituximab with anti-RTX antibodies.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Rituximab Therapy to Sustain Remission in Young Children With Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- The safety of rituximab in pediatric nephrotic syndrome patients: a pharmacovigilance study of the FAERS database.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Review
- The efficacy of rituximab in pediatric patients with steroid-dependent or frequent relapsing nephrotic syndrome due to MCD or FSGS.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Anti-B Cell Strategy in Nephrotic Syndrome: Beyond Rituximab.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- [Clinical study on low-dose rituximab maintenance therapy in children with primary nephrotic syndrome].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2025Article
- Rituximab-associated adverse events in nephrotic syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Heliyon · 2025Article
- Prolonged impairment of immunological memory after anti-CD20 treatment in pediatric idiopathic nephrotic syndrome: an extended follow-up.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Association of rituximab use with adverse events in adults with lymphoma or autoimmune disease: a single center experience.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Subcutaneous Rituximab in Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome.Kidney international reports · 2024Article
- Precision medicine for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.Kidney research and clinical practice · 2024Article
- An unusual cause of diarrhea in a child with nephrotic syndrome: Answers.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2023Article
- Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Repeated Rituximab to Maintain Remission in Idiopathic Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome: An International Study.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2022Article
- Hypogammaglobulinaemia following rituximab therapy in childhood nephrotic syndrome.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2022Article
- Update on the treatment of steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsAnti-CD20 antibodies are increasingly being used to treat idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) in children. While they may allow steroid and calcineurin inhibitor withdrawal, repeated infusions of anti-CD20 antibodies are often required to maintain remission. Data on their potential toxicity in INS are needed, to consider repeated infusions.
methodsWe investigated the side effects associated with the use of rituximab (a chimeric antibody; 130 patients) and ofatumumab (a humanized antibody; 37 patients) in children with INS (steroid-dependent and steroid/calcineurin inhibitor-dependent disease) treated at a national referral centre over a 9-year period (400 treatments; follow-up 1-9 years).
resultsInfusion reactions were mainly absent in children with steroid-dependent disease. Rash, dyspnoea, fever, cough and itchy throat (5% and 18% following rituximab and ofatumumab infusion, respectively) were resolved by using premedication with salbutamol. Other short-term reactions (up to 3 months), including arthritis (2%) and lung injury (1%), were more common with rituximab. Infections were observed 3-9 months following infusion, were similarly common in the two groups and resolved with targeted therapies [antibiotic, fluconazole, immunoglobulins (Igs), etc.]. The number of circulating CD19/20 cells fell to 0 at month 1 and were reconstituted at month 3; circulating IgG antibodies remained within the normal range for 1 year. Tetanus and hepatitis B virus immunization was not modified by either treatment; Epstein-Barr virus and John Cunningham virus activation markers were occasionally observed.
conclusionOverall, the toxicity of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies was limited to post-infusion side effects in children with more complex disease. The relatively safe profile of anti-CD20 antibodies supports their use as steroid-sparing agents in children with INS.
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