ArticleMolecular medicine reports2018
Hypothyroidism increases cyclooxygenase-2 levels and pro-inflammatory response and decreases cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation in the hippocampus.
Article in Molecular medicine reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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16 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neurodegeneration, Oxidative Stress, NGF/TrkA/P75Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Magnesium L-Threonate Reduces Hippocampal Amyloid-β Load without Cognitive Improvement in a PTU-induced Hypothyroidism Model in Young Rats.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Neurological consequences of adult-onset hypothyroidism.Endocrine journal · 2025Review
- Oatmeal and wheat flour as the sources of thyroid peroxidase and proinflammatory enzymes modulators in the prevention of thyroid diseases.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Effects of gestational hypothyroidism on mouse brain development: Gabaergic systems and oxidative stress.Developmental biology · 2024Article
- Thyroid hormone action in adult neurogliogenic niches: the known and unknown.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Comparative effects of 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine and 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine on mitochondrial damage and cGAS/STING-driven inflammation in liver of hypothyroid rats.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Thyroid function and epilepsy: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2023Article
- A Fine Regulation of the Hippocampal Thyroid Signalling Protects Hypothyroid Mice against Glial Cell Activation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Hypothyroidism and Diabetes-Related Dementia: Focused on Neuronal Dysfunction, Insulin Resistance, and Dyslipidemia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Hypothyroidism Induces Interleukin-1-Dependent Autophagy Mechanism as a Key Mediator of Hippocampal Neuronal Apoptosis and Cognitive Decline in Postnatal Rats.Molecular neurobiology · 2021Article
- Gallic Acid Prevents the Oxidative and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stresses in the Hippocampus of Adult-Onset Hypothyroid Rats.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Water-Soluble Arginyl-Diosgenin Analog Attenuates Hippocampal Neurogenesis Impairment Through Blocking Microglial Activation Underlying NF-κB and JNK MAPK Signaling in Adult Mice Challenged by LPS.Molecular neurobiology · 2019Article
- Hippocampal Up-Regulation of Apolipoprotein D in a Rat Model of Maternal Hypo- and Hyperthyroidism: Implication of Oxidative Stress.Neurochemical research · 2019Article
- Leaf extracts from Dendropanax morbifera Léveille mitigate mercury-induced reduction of spatial memory, as well as cell proliferation, and neuroblast differentiation in rat dentate gyrus.BMC complementary and alternative medicine · 2019Article
- Changes of myelin basic protein in the hippocampus of an animal model of type 2 diabetes.Laboratory animal research · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of hypothyroidism on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and pro‑inflammatory cytokines in the dentate gyrus to elucidate the roles of COX‑2 in the hypothyroid hippocampus. Hypothyroidism was induced in rats by treating with 0.03% 2‑mercapto‑1‑methyl‑imidazole dissolved in drinking water for 5 weeks. The animals were sacrificed at 12 weeks of age. Hypothyroidism rats exhibited decreased triiodothyronine and thyroxine levels in the serum, while the levels of thyroid‑stimulating hormone and the weight of thyroid glands were significantly higher in the hypothyroid rats compared with those in the vehicle‑treated group. COX‑2 immunoreactivity was significantly increased in the hippocampal CA2/3 region and the dentate gyrus compared with the vehicle‑treated group. Levels of pro‑inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)‑1β, IL‑6 and tumor necrosis factor‑α were significantly higher in the hippocampal homogenates of hypothyroid rats. Cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation based on Ki67 and doublecortin immunohistochemistry were decreased in the dentate gyrus of hypothyroid rats compared with those in the vehicle‑treated group. These results suggested that hypothyroidism‑mediated COX‑2 expression affected hippocampal plasticity by upregulating the levels of pro‑inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus. Therefore, COX‑2 may be suggested as a candidate molecule for preventing hypothyroidism‑induced neurological side effects.
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