ArticleOncology letters2018
Cytotoxic effect of Efavirenz in BxPC-3 pancreatic cancer cells is based on oxidative stress and is synergistic with ionizing radiation.
Article in Oncology letters, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
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- The inhibition of the MRN complex by Mirin radiosensitizes particularly HPV-negative HNSCC cell lines.Cancer cell international · 2026Article
- DNA damage induced by HIV-1 Vpr triggers epigenetic remodeling and transcriptional programs to enhance virus transcription and latency reactivation.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Discovery and molecular docking studies of nitrogen containing naphthyridine derivatives as potent HIV1 NNRTIs with anticancer potential.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Inhibiting NHEJ in HNSCC cell lines by the ligase IV inhibitor SCR130 has limited radiosensitizing effects.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Screening miRNAs to Hinder the Tumorigenesis of Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma Associated with KDR Expression.Current cancer drug targets · 2025Article
- Signature-based repurposed drugs resemble the inhibition of TGFβ-induced NDRG1 as potential therapeutics for triple-negative breast cancer.International journal of biological sciences · 2025Article
- Drug repurposing screen targeting PARP identifies cytotoxic activity of efavirenz in high-grade serous ovarian cancer.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2024Article
- Radiosensitivity in individuals with tuberous sclerosis complex.Discover oncology · 2024Article
- Efavirenz: New Hope in Cancer Therapy.Cureus · 2024Review
- Drug Repurposing in Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma: Old Solutions for New Problems.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2023Review
- Current trends and future prospects of drug repositioning in gastrointestinal oncology.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Kinase inhibitors increase individual radiation sensitivity in normal cells of cancer patients.Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al] · 2022Article
- Article
- Drug Repurposing, an Attractive Strategy in Pancreatic Cancer Treatment: Preclinical and Clinical Updates.Cancers · 2021Review
- Review
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- PARP Inhibitors Talazoparib and Niraparib Sensitize Melanoma Cells to Ionizing Radiation.Genes · 2021Article
- The struggle of a good friend getting old: cellular senescence in viral responses and therapy.EMBO reports · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) Efavirenz is frequently used in human immunodeficiency virus treatment, but also efficient against cancer in mouse models. Its radiosensitizing effect makes it a promising drug for combination with radiotherapy. The efficacy of Efavirenz combined with irradiation was assessed with immunostaining of DNA-damage markers and colony formation assays in BxPC-3 pancreatic cancer cells. Gene expression and protein phosphorylation of the Efavirenz-sensitive BxPC-3 cells was compared to the resistant primary fibroblasts SBL-5. Oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage and cell death were studied with live-cell microscopy and flow cytometry. Combined Efavirenz and radiation significantly increased the number of γH2AX and phospho-ataxia telangiectasia mutated foci. Efavirenz and ionizing radiation had a synergistic effect using the clonogenic survival assay. Efavirenz selectively induced cell death in the BxPC-3 cells. The differing gene expression of cell cycle and apoptotic regulator genes in both cell cultures after Efavirenz treatment match with this selective effect against cancer cells. In the phosphoprotein array, an early phosphorylation of extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase was notably detected in the cancer cells. The phosphorylation of AKT decreased in the cancer cells whereas it increased in the fibroblasts. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial membrane depolarization appeared in the cancer cells immediately after Efavirenz treatment, but not in the fibroblasts. Efavirenz has an anti-cancer effect against pancreatic cancer mainly by the induction of oxidative stress. The antitumor potential of Efavirenz and radiotherapy are additive.
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