ArticleExperimental and therapeutic medicine2018
Smoking increases the risk of diabetic foot amputation: A meta-analysis.
Article in Experimental and therapeutic medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Through-knee versus above-knee amputation for vascular and non-vascular major lower limb amputations.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Risk of Foot Ulcer and Lower-Extremity Amputation Among Participants in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications Study.Diabetes care · 2022Trial
- Effectiveness of a Multicomponent Intervention in Primary Care That Addresses Patients with Diabetes Mellitus with Two or More Unhealthy Habits, Such as Diet, Physical Activity or Smoking: Multicenter Randomized Cluster Trial (EIRA Study).International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Trial
- Independent Predictors of Major Limb Amputation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Adjusted Risk Factors.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- A systematic review and meta-analysis on prevalence and risk factors for diabetic foot ulcers in Nepal.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Comprehensive Management of Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Current Evidence and Practice.Journal of diabetes · 2026Review
- Development of risk prediction model for major amputation in patients with diabetic foot.BMC endocrine disorders · 2026Article
- Risk factors associated with diabetic foot amputation: A retrospective study from a tertiary hospital in Central Malaysia.PloS one · 2026Article
- Prevalence of smoking and factors associated with smoking cessation among diabetic patients in Chongqing, China: A cross-sectional study.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- Atherosclerosis index and diabetic foot ulcers: an NHANES database investigation.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2025Article
- Smoking Status Impacts Mitochondrial Function and Synthetic Function in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Diabetics with Arterial Insufficiency.Advances in wound care · 2025Article
- The misleading terminology of minor amputation of the lower limb.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2025Article
- Risk Factors Affecting Quality of Life in Chronic Limb Threatening Ischemia Patients.Patient preference and adherence · 2025Article
- Challenges and Solutions in Advanced Management of Diabetic Foot Infections: A Review of Recent Studies.Journal of diabetes research · 2025Review
- Article
- Can Early Post-Operative Scoring of Non-Traumatic Amputees Decrease Rates of Revision Surgery?Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Exploring the association between primary care efficiency and health system characteristics across European countries: a two-stage data envelopment analysis.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Risk Factors for Failure After Surgery in Patients With Diabetic Foot Syndrome.Foot & ankle orthopaedics · 2023Article
- An Overview of Risk Factors for Diabetic Foot Amputation: An Observational, Single-centre, Retrospective Cohort Study.TouchREVIEWS in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Revascularization Index as a Predictor for Primary Endovascular Intervention Outcome.Vascular health and risk management · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that smoking is associated with diabetic foot amputation. However, the currently available results are inconsistent and controversial. Therefore, the present study performed a meta-analysis to systematically review the association between smoking and diabetic foot amputation and to investigate the risk factors of diabetic foot amputation. Public databases, including PubMed and Embase, were searched prior to 29th February 2016. The heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochran's Q statistic and the
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.