Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29434277›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2018

Three-dimensional (3D) tetra-culture brain on chip platform for organophosphate toxicity screening.

Youngmi Koo, Brian T Hawkins, Yeoheung Yun

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
60citing papers in PubMed
16.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

60 citing papers in PubMed, 136 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. HumanBioactive materials · 2026
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Advanced Brain-on-a-Chip for Wetware Computing: A Review.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Review
  9. Review
  10. Modular cone-and-plate device for mechanofluidic assays in Transwell inserts.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Towards Novel BiomimeticBioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Youngmi KooFIT BEST Laboratory, Department of Chemical, Biological, and Bio Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, 27411, USA.
Brian T HawkinsDiscovery Science & Technology, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA.
Yeoheung YunFIT BEST Laboratory, Department of Chemical, Biological, and Bio Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, 27411, USA. yyun@ncat.edu.
Duke University · USNorth Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University · USThe English Linguistics Society of Korea · KR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Organophosphate-based compounds (OPs) represent a significant threat to warfighters (nerve agents) and civilian populations (pesticides). There is a pressing need to develop in vitro brain models that correlate to the in vivo brain to rapidly study OPs for neurotoxicity. Here we report on a microfluidic-based three-dimensional, four-cell tissue construct consisting of 1) a blood-brain barrier that has dynamic flow and membrane-free culture of the endothelial layer, and 2) an extracellular matrix (ECM)-embedded tissue construct with neuroblastoma, microglia, and astrocytes. We demonstrated this platform's utility by measuring OP effects on barrier integrity, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition, viability and residual OP concentration with four model OPs. The results show that the OPs penetrate the blood brain barrier (BBB) and rapidly inhibit AChE activity, and that in vitro toxicity was correlated with available in vivo data. This paper demonstrates the potential utility of a membrane-free tetra-cultured brain on chip that can be scaled to high throughput as a cost-effective alternative method to animal testing.

Indexed as

AcetylcholinesteraseAnimalsBlood-Brain BarrierBrainCell LineCell SurvivalDown-RegulationEndothelial CellsMiceMicrofluidic Analytical TechniquesOrgan Culture TechniquesOrganophosphatesAcetylcholinesteraseOrganophosphates

Identifiers

PMID29434277
PMCPMC5809488
OpenAlexW2790937796

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.