ArticleArthritis research & therapy2018
A unique role for galectin-9 in angiogenesis and inflammatory arthritis.
Article in Arthritis research & therapy, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05422313 (Assessment of Galectin-9 in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Its Correlation With Disease Activity), which is not on this map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Assessment of Galectin-9 in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Its Correlation With Disease Activity
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review: Targeted Molecular Imaging of Angiogenesis and Its Mediators in Rheumatoid Arthritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Galectin-9 expression correlates with therapeutic effect in rheumatoid arthritis.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Spatially resolved transcriptomics identifies intercellular signaling post-ischemic stroke that controls neural stem cell proliferation.Stem cell reports · 2026Article
- Causal Relationship Between Galectins With Neuroblastoma: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Dichotomous effects of Galectin-9 in disease modulation in murine models of inflammatory bowel disease.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2025Article
- Severe fatigue is associated with diminished lung function and elevated Galectin-9 levels in early systemic sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Galectin-9: diverse roles in skin disease.Frontiers in allergy · 2025Review
- Vascular galectins in tumor angiogenesis and cancer immunity.Seminars in immunopathology · 2024Review
- A Cross-Sectional Exploratory Study of Cardiovascular Risk Biomarkers in Non-Obese Women with and without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Association with Vitamin D.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Significant association of elevated serum galectin-9 levels with the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Galectin-9 as an indicator of functional limitations and radiographic joint damage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals rich pituitary-Immune interactions under systemic inflammation.PLoS biology · 2023Article
- Molecules involved in the sperm interaction in the human uterine tube: a histochemical and immunohistochemical approach.European journal of histochemistry : EJH · 2023Article
- Expression of Gal-9 on Dendritic Cells and Soluble Forms of TIM-3/Gal-9 in Patients Suffering from Endometriosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Galectin functions in cancer-associated inflammation and thrombosis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Review
- Article
- Galectins: Important Regulators in Normal and Pathologic Pregnancies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Soluble CD13 induces inflammatory arthritis by activating the bradykinin receptor B1.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2022Article
- Revealing the Immune Heterogeneity between Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis Based on Multi-Omics Data Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGalectin-9 (Gal-9) is a mammalian lectin secreted by endothelial cells that is highly expressed in rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissues and synovial fluid. Roles have been proposed for galectins in the regulation of inflammation and angiogenesis. Therefore, we examined the contribution of Gal-9 to angiogenesis and inflammation in arthritis.
methodsTo determine the role of Gal-9 in angiogenesis, we performed human dermal microvascular endothelial cell (HMVEC) chemotaxis, Matrigel tube formation, and mouse Matrigel plug angiogenesis assays. We also examined the role of signaling molecules in Gal-9-induced angiogenesis by using signaling inhibitors and small interfering RNA (siRNA). We performed monocyte (MN) migration assays in a modified Boyden chamber and assessed the arthritogenicity of Gal-9 by injecting Gal-9 into mouse knees.
resultsGal-9 significantly increased HMVEC migration, which was decreased by inhibitors of extracellular signal-regulating kinases 1/2 (Erk1/2), p38, Janus kinase (Jnk), and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Gal-9 HMVEC-induced tube formation was reduced by Erk1/2, p38, and Jnk inhibitors, and this was confirmed by siRNA knockdown. In mouse Matrigel plug assays, plugs containing Gal-9 induced significantly higher angiogenesis, which was attenuated by a Jnk inhibitor. Gal-9 also induced MN migration, and there was a marked increase in MN ingress when C57BL/6 mouse knees were injected with Gal-9 compared with the control, pointing to a proinflammatory role for Gal-9.
conclusionsGal-9 mediates angiogenesis, increases MN migration in vitro, and induces acute inflammatory arthritis in mice, suggesting a novel role for Gal-9 in angiogenesis, joint inflammation, and possibly other inflammatory diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.