ReviewJournal of neuroinflammation2018
A clinical approach to new-onset psychosis associated with immune dysregulation: the concept of autoimmune psychosis.
Review in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- BrainEuropean journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2021Pooled it
- Retrospective chart review of cases of steroid-responsive catatonia: exploring a potential autoimmune aetiology.BJPsych open · 2025Article
- The Immune/Inflammatory Underpinnings of Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome: A Scoping Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Frequency of autoimmune-associated exogenous psychoses in routine clinical care.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Trends in resource utilization for new-onset psychosis hospitalizations at children's hospitals.Journal of hospital medicine · 2025Article
- Psychiatric manifestations of encephalitis.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2025Article
- Limited evidence of association between dysregulated immune marker levels and telomere length in severe mental disorders.Acta neuropsychiatrica · 2025Article
- Autoimmune Etiologies with The Potential to Transform Psychiatric Practice: Experiences from a Neuropsychiatry Unit.Noro psikiyatri arsivi · 2025Article
- High Prevalence of aCL-IgA and aβ2GPI-IgA in Drug-Free Schizophrenia Patients: Evidence of a Potential Autoimmune Link.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- An exploratory study of metabolomics in endogenous and cannabis-use-associated psychotic-like experiences in adolescence.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- An exploratory study of the damage markers NfL, GFAP, and t-Tau, in cerebrospinal fluid and other findings from a patient cohort enriched for suspected autoimmune psychiatric disease.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- Autoimmune Encephalitis-A Multifaceted Pathology.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Assessment of Tissue Expression of the Oxytocin-Vasopressin Pathway in the Placenta of Women with a First-Episode Psychosis during Pregnancy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Composite immune marker scores associated with severe mental disorders and illness course.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2022Article
- Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Physician's Guide to the Clinical Spectrum Diagnosis and Management.Brain sciences · 2022Review
- Schizophrenia risk loci from xMHC region were associated with antipsychotic response in chronic schizophrenic patients with persistent positive symptom.Translational psychiatry · 2022Article
- Emerging Knowledge of the Neurobiology of COVID-19.The Psychiatric clinics of North America · 2022Review
- Inflammatory Markers in Substance Use and Mood Disorders: A Neuroimaging Perspective.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Review
- Autoimmune antibodies in first-episode psychosis with red flags: A hospital-based case-control study protocol.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Growing data point to the overlap between psychosis and pathological processes associated with immunological dysregulation as well as inflammation. Notably, the recent discovery of antibodies against synaptic and neuronal cell membrane proteins such as anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor provides more direct evidence of the etiological connection between autoimmunity and subsequent hazard of psychosis. Here, we advocate the use of term "autoimmune psychosis," as this term suggests that autoimmune disorders can masquerade as drug-resistant primary psychosis, and this subtype of psychosis has anatomical and immunological footprints in the brain, despite the frequent absence of structural abnormalities on conventional brain MRI. Furthermore, this term might serve as a reminder not to overlook appropriate neurological workup such as neuroimaging and EEG testing, as well as CSF analysis, for cases with acute or subacute atypical onset of neuropsychiatric presentations including those dominated by acute psychotic symptoms. We propose etiologically and serologically oriented subclassification as well as multi-modal diagnostic approach to address some of the challenges inherent to early diagnosis of patients presenting with atypical and refractory new-onset psychotic symptoms of autoimmune origin. This is particularly relevant to the diagnosis of seronegative but probable autoimmune psychosis (SPAP) that might masquerade as antipsychotic drug-resistant primary psychotic disorder. This distinction is therapeutically important as autoimmune-related psychotic symptomatology can frequently respond well to timely treatment with proper immune modulatory therapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.