ArticleTranslational psychiatry2018
Real-time fMRI neurofeedback to down-regulate superior temporal gyrus activity in patients with schizophrenia and auditory hallucinations: a proof-of-concept study.
Article in Translational psychiatry, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- The efficacy of real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback for psychiatric illness: A meta-analysis of brain and behavioral outcomes.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2021Pooled it
- A systematic review of fMRI neurofeedback reporting and effects in clinical populations.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2020Pooled it
- Gray Matter Alterations in Parkinson's Disease With Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder: A Meta-Analysis of Voxel-Based Morphometry Studies.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2020Pooled it
- A Guide to Literature Informed Decisions in the Design of Real Time fMRI Neurofeedback Studies: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2020Pooled it
- Real-time fMRI neurofeedback modulates auditory cortex activity and connectivity in schizophrenia patients with auditory hallucinations: A controlled study.Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging · 2025Trial
- Enhancement of the left frontoparietal network through real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging functional connectivity-informed neurofeedback and its impact on working memory in schizophrenia: A pilot study.Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2025Trial
- Brain Structural and Functional Neuroimaging Features are Associated With Improved Auditory Hallucinations in Patients With Schizophrenia After Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback.Depression and anxiety · 2025Trial
- Targeting the superior temporal gyrus with real-time fMRI neurofeedback: A pilot study of the indirect effects on self-referential processes in schizophrenia.Schizophrenia research · 2024Trial
- Correlations Between the DMN and the Smoking Cessation Outcome of a Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Supported Exploratory Therapy Approach: Descriptive Statistics on Tobacco-Dependent Patients.Clinical EEG and neuroscience · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Training gains and transfer effects after mnemonic strategy training in mild cognitive impairment: A fMRI study.International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology · 2020Trial
- Candidate Multimodal MRI Markers of Persistent Auditory Verbal Hallucinations: A Controlled Pilot Study.Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.) · 2026Observational
- Neurocognitive Effects of Neurofeedback: A Systematic Review of the Applicability and Therapeutic Effect in Patients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders, Psychosis or Clinical High Risks for Psychosis.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2026Review
- Altered auditory seed-based functional connectivity in other specified schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorder compared to schizophrenia spectrum disorders.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Real-time neurofeedback, its neurotransmitter underpinnings, and therapeutic effects: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial in individuals at clinical high risk.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Integrating Virtual Reality, Neurofeedback, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Auditory Verbal Hallucinations (Hybrid): Protocol of a Pilot, Unblinded, Single-Arm Interventional Study.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- Brain Markers of Resilience to Psychosis in High-Risk Individuals: A Systematic Review and Label-Based Meta-Analysis of Multimodal MRI Studies.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- From lab to life: challenges and perspectives of fNIRS for haemodynamic-based neurofeedback in real-world environments.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024Review
- Online self-evaluation of fMRI-based neurofeedback performance.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024Article
- Training individuals with schizophrenia to gain volitional control of the theory of mind network with real-time fMRI: A pilot study.Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Neurocognitive models and previous neuroimaging work posit that auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) arise due to increased activity in speech-sensitive regions of the left posterior superior temporal gyrus (STG). Here, we examined if patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) and AVH could be trained to down-regulate STG activity using real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback (rtfMRI-NF). We also examined the effects of rtfMRI-NF training on functional connectivity between the STG and other speech and language regions. Twelve patients with SCZ and treatment-refractory AVH were recruited to participate in the study and were trained to down-regulate STG activity using rtfMRI-NF, over four MRI scanner visits during a 2-week training period. STG activity and functional connectivity were compared pre- and post-training. Patients successfully learnt to down-regulate activity in their left STG over the rtfMRI-NF training. Post- training, patients showed increased functional connectivity between the left STG, the left inferior prefrontal gyrus (IFG) and the inferior parietal gyrus. The post-training increase in functional connectivity between the left STG and IFG was associated with a reduction in AVH symptoms over the training period. The speech-sensitive region of the left STG is a suitable target region for rtfMRI-NF in patients with SCZ and treatment-refractory AVH. Successful down-regulation of left STG activity can increase functional connectivity between speech motor and perception regions. These findings suggest that patients with AVH have the ability to alter activity and connectivity in speech and language regions, and raise the possibility that rtfMRI-NF training could present a novel therapeutic intervention in SCZ.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.