ReviewUrologic oncology2018
Role of immunotherapy in bacillus Calmette-Guérin-unresponsive non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.
Review in Urologic oncology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bacillus Calmette-Guérin treatment of bladder cancer: a systematic review and commentary on recent publications.Current opinion in urology · 2019Pooled it
- Unveiling the Paradoxical Tumor-Suppressive Role of CCL2/CCR2 in Bladder Cancer: A Novel Immunotherapeutic Strategy.Cancers · 2026Article
- Narrative Review of Potential Non-Surgical Treatments for BCG-Unresponsive Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- A Double-Humanized Murine Model in Bladder Cancer: A Novel Preclinical Model for Cancer Immunology Research.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Proteomic analysis of the urothelial cancer landscape.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Innate Lymphoid Cells in Bladder Cancer: From Mechanisms of Action to Immune Therapies.Cancer immunology research · 2024Review
- Perioperative Immune Checkpoint Blockade for Muscle-Invasive and Metastatic Bladder Cancer.Journal of cancer immunology · 2024Article
- Article
- Vaccination against Extracellular Vimentin for Treatment of Urothelial Cancer of the Bladder in Client-Owned Dogs.Cancers · 2023Article
- Intratumoral PD1Cells · 2023Article
- Effect of HLA genotype on intravesical recurrence after bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2022Article
- Expression of VISTA on tumor-infiltrating immune cells correlated with short intravesical recurrence in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2021Article
- Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-unresponsive non-muscle invasive bladder cancer outcomes in patients without radical cystectomy.International journal of clinical oncology · 2021Article
- Hyperthermic Intravesical Chemotherapy for BCG Unresponsive Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Patients.Bladder cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Intravesical instillation of live attenuated bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the gold standard for patients with intermediate- and high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). BCG-failures include a heterogenous population of patients who share a designation of disease recurrence or progression following BCG and include patients with complete unresponsiveness to BCG, patients who respond initially but develop relapse and, in some cases, patients who are intolerant to BCG due to side effects. Given the efficacy and relatively rapid approval of several monoclonal antibodies against PD-L1 or PD-1 for advanced and metastatic bladder cancer, the role of these checkpoint inhibitors in BCG-relapsing disease at various disease stages is under consideration. Data supporting a role for immune checkpoint inhibitors is largely theoretical with limited supportive data from animal models and from clinical evidence of increased PD-L1 expression in BCG-unresponsive tumors. Current trials in BCG-unresponsive disease are underway and expected to provide insight regarding these concepts.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.