ArticleKnee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA2018
Timing, not magnitude, of force may explain sex-dependent risk of ACL injury.
Article in Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- The 3D Biomechanics of Secondary Non-contact ACL Injuries in Two Female Adolescents: A Case Series of an Ipsilateral ACL Re-Rupture and a Contralateral ACL Rupture.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- The early peak knee abduction moment waveform is a novel risk factor predicting anterior cruciate ligament injury in young athletes: A prospective study.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2025Article
- Boys demonstrate greater knee frontal moments than girls during the impact phase of cutting maneuvers, despite age-related increases in girls.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2023Article
- Identifying Gait Pathology after ACL Reconstruction Using Temporal Characteristics of Kinetics and Electromyography.Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2022Article
- Don't Peak Too Early: Evidence for an ACL Injury Prevention Mechanism of the 11+ Program.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2022Article
- Kinematics observed during ACL injury are associated with large early peak knee abduction moments during a change of direction task in healthy adolescents.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2021Article
- Effect of Sex on Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury-Related Biomechanics During the Cutting Maneuver in Preadolescent Athletes.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2020Article
- Hip biomechanics differ in responders and non-responders to an ACL injury prevention program.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2020Article
- Young age and high BMI are predictors of early revision surgery after primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a cohort study from the Swedish and Norwegian knee ligament registries based on 30,747 patients.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2019Article
- Cluster analysis successfully identifies clinically meaningful knee valgus moment patterns: frequency of early peaks reflects sex-specific ACL injury incidence.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2019Article
- Frontal Plane Loading Characteristics of Medial Collateral Ligament Strain Concurrent With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Failure.The American journal of sports medicine · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe anterior cruciate ligament is loaded through valgus moment, vertical ground reaction force, and internal rotation moment. The aim of this study was to compare the timing of force peaks during early stance between youth girls and boys.
methodsOne-hundred and twenty-nine team sport athletes aged 9-12 completed a total of 2540 cutting maneuvers captured with an 8-camera motion capture system. Timing of early force peaks was analyzed within 100 ms after ground contact.
resultsGenders showed different mean (95% CI) time to peak valgus-(32 ms (30-33 ms) vs 37 ms (36-38 ms), P < 0.001) and time to peak internal rotation moments (36 ms (35-37 ms) vs 38 ms (37-39 ms), P = 0.029) but not time to peak vertical ground reaction force [38 ms (37-40 ms) vs 37 ms (36-38 ms, n.s.)]. Girls showed a smaller time between vertical ground reaction force and valgus moment peaks (mean (95% CI) of 1 ms (1-2 ms) vs 7 ms (5-9 ms), P < 0.001), and valgus- and internal rotation moment peaks (0 ms (- 2 to 1.0 ms) vs - 5 ms (- 6 to - 3 ms), P = 0.0003) but not between internal rotation moment and vertical ground reaction force.
conclusionsConcurrent force peaks are more common for girls compared with boys, leading to more frequent multi-planar loading of the knee. Timing may explain sex-dependent risk of ACL injuries. Exposure to repeated cutting movements may result in greater ACL injury risk due to timing of knee forces as well as magnitude. Such exposure should be minimized for at-risk athletes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.
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