ArticleJournal of biomedical science2018
Respiratory syncytial virus prolifically infects N2a neuronal cells, leading to TLR4 and nucleolin protein modulations and RSV F protein co-localization with TLR4 and nucleolin.
Article in Journal of biomedical science, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Programmed cell death in human respiratory syncytial virus infection.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Host nucleolin-targeting unique peptide drugs as potent broad-spectrum anti-influenza therapies.PNAS nexus · 2026Article
- Severe enterovirus A71 pathogenesis and immune responses in human nucleolin transgenic mice.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2025Article
- RSV Infection and Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Hypothesis of Energy Metabolism Disruption via the Lung-Brain Axis.Aging and disease · 2025Review
- Pharmacological mechanisms of probenecid for SARS-CoV-2 and RSV co-infection: findings of system pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and structure-activity relationship.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infects Peripheral and Spinal Nerves and Induces Chemokine-Mediated Neuropathy.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Melatonin suppresses TLR4-mediated RSV infection in the central nervous cells by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome formation and autophagy.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2024Article
- Immunopathology of RSV: An Updated Review.Viruses · 2021Review
- Inhibition of Urea Transporter (UT)-B Modulates LPS-Induced Inflammatory Responses in BV2 Microglia and N2a Neuroblastoma Cells.Neurochemical research · 2021Article
- Toll-like receptor 4 is activated by platinum and contributes to cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.EMBO reports · 2021Article
- Evaluation of Small Molecule Combinations against Respiratory Syncytial Virus In Vitro.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Contribution of Pro-Inflammatory Molecules Induced by Respiratory Virus Infections to Neurological Disorders.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- A Targeted Nano Drug Delivery System of AS1411 Functionalized Graphene Oxide Based Composites.ChemistryOpen · 2021Article
- Respiratory syncytial virus infection of microglia exacerbates SH-SY5Y neuronal cell injury by inducing the secretion of inflammatory cytokines: A TranswellIranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2021Article
- New Look at RSV Infection: Tissue Clearing and 3D Imaging of the Entire Mouse Lung at Cellular Resolution.Viruses · 2021Article
- Toll-like receptor-mediated innate immunity against herpesviridae infection: a current perspective on viral infection signaling pathways.Virology journal · 2020Review
- Tespa1 plays a role in the modulation of airway hyperreactivity through the IL-4/STAT6 pathway.Journal of translational medicine · 2020Article
- Innate Immune Components that Regulate the Pathogenesis and Resolution of hRSV and hMPV Infections.Viruses · 2020Review
- Experimental challenge with bovine respiratory syncytial virus in dairy calves: bronchial lymph node transcriptome response.Scientific reports · 2019Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infects the central nervous system, resulting in neurological symptoms. However, the precise underlying pathogenic mechanisms have not been elucidated. In the present study, the infectivity of RSV on N2a neuronal cells and the possible roles of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nucleolin (C23) during RSV infection were investigated.
methodsWe compared two experimental groups (infected and non-infected) and monitored the RSV viral titers in the culture supernatant by a viral plaque assay. We also inspected the morphology of the nucleus in infected N2a cells. We measured the level of RSV F protein and studied its co-localization with TLR4 and nucleolin using immunofluorescence assays and laser confocal microscopy. The potential interaction of RSV F protein with TLR4 and nucleolin was examined by coimmunoprecipitation. The expression changes of TLR4, nucleolin, TLR3 and TLR7 proteins in N2a cells and IL-6 and TNF-α in the culture supernatant were investigated by Western Blot analysis and ELISA assay. Changes in neuronal cell apoptosis status was examined by flow cytometry.
resultsThe results demonstrated prolific RSV infection of N2a cells, which triggered a decrease of NeuN protein expression, coinciding with an increase of nuclear lesions, F protein expression, RSV viral titers, and late apoptotic levels of N2a cells. RSV infection induced co-localization of RSV F protein with TLR4 and nucleolin, which could potentially lead to a direct interaction. Furthermore, it was found that TLR4 and nucleolin levels increased early after infection and decreased subsequently, whereas TLR3 and TLR7 expression increased throughout RSV infection.
conclusionThe RSV Long strain can prolifically infect N2a neuronal cells, modulating the expression of TLR4 and nucleolin, as well as TLR3, TLR7 and their downstream inflammatory factors, and inducing the co-localization of the RSV F protein with TLR4 and nucleolin.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.