ArticleJournal of veterinary internal medicine2018
Characterization of Paroxysmal Gluten-Sensitive Dyskinesia in Border Terriers Using Serological Markers.
Article in Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and potential risk factors associated with idiopathic epilepsy in Golden Retrievers.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2026Article
- Phenotypic features of paroxysmal dyskinesia in Dachshund dogs: 62 cases (2017-2025).Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2026Article
- Presumptive paroxysmal dyskinesia in 41 dogs: is the diet change enough?Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2026Article
- Dietary-responsive disseminated eosinophilia in a border terrier.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2026Article
- Paroxysmal dyskinesia associated with hyperthyroidism in 7 cats: a novel manifestation of a metabolic encephalopathy.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2026Article
- Canine paroxysmal dyskinesia: distribution of etiological subtypes and structural and reactive causes in a retrospective tertiary care cohort.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Grain-Free Diets for Dogs and Cats: An Updated Review Focusing on Nutritional Effects and Health Considerations.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- Nutritional Factors Related to Canine Gallbladder Diseases-A Scoping Review.Veterinary sciences · 2024Review
- Suspected paroxysmal dyskinesia in four small-breed dogs: Clinical presentation, diagnosis, management and prognosis.Veterinary medicine and science · 2024Article
- Updating the Classification of Chronic Inflammatory Enteropathies in Dogs.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Review
- Canine paroxysmal dyskinesia-a review.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Review
- Very-Low-Frequency Spike-Wave Complex Partial Motor Seizure Mimicking Canine Idiopathic Head Tremor Syndrome in a Dog.Veterinary sciences · 2023Article
- Clinical utility of an immunoglobulin A-based serological panel for the diagnosis of chronic enteropathy in dogs.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2023Article
- Long-term nutritional management of an obese German Spitz with paroxysmal dyskinesia, calcium oxalate urolithiasis, and suspected pancreatitis-A case report.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Gluten serological testing in various dog breeds with paroxysmal dyskinesia.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Dystonia in veterinary neurology.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2022Review
- A knockout mutation associated with juvenile paroxysmal dyskinesia in Markiesje dogs indicates SOD1 pleiotropy.Human genetics · 2021Article
- Letter regarding "Utility of the combined use of 3 serologic markers in the diagnosis and monitoring of chronic enteropathies in dogs".Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2021Article
- Utility of the combined use of 3 serologic markers in the diagnosis and monitoring of chronic enteropathies in dogs.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2021Article
- Mitochondrial PCK2 Missense Variant in Shetland Sheepdogs with Paroxysmal Exercise-Induced Dyskinesia (PED).Genes · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundParoxysmal gluten-sensitive dyskinesia (PGSD) in border terriers (BTs) results from an immunologic response directed against transglutaminase (TG)2 and gliadin. Recent evidence suggests that PGSD is only one aspect of a range of possible manifestations of gluten sensitivity in the breed. HYPOTHESIS/
objectivesGluten sensitivity in BTs is a heterogeneous disease process with a diverse clinical spectrum; to characterize the phenotype of PGSD using TG2 and gliadin autoantibodies as diagnostic markers. ANIMALS: One hundred twenty-eight client-owned BTs with various disorders.
methodsProspective study. BTs with paroxysmal episodes and a normal interictal examination were phenotyped using footage of a representative episode and assigned to 3 groups: idiopathic epilepsy (IE), paroxysmal dyskinesia (PD), or other. Owners of each dog completed a questionnaire to obtain information regarding clinical signs. Healthy BTs formed a control group. Serum antibodies against TG2 and AGA were measured in all dogs.
resultsOne hundred twenty-eight BTs were enrolled; 45 with PD, 28 with IE, 35 with other conditions, and 20 controls. Three overlapping phenotypes were identified; PD, signs suggestive of gastrointestinal disease, and dermatopathy. AGA-IgG concentrations were increased in PD, compared with IE (P = 0.012), controls (P < 0.0001) and other (P = 0.018) conditions. Anti-canine TG2-IgA concentrations were increased in PD, compared with IE (P < 0.0001), controls (P < 0.0001) and other (P = 0.012) conditions. Serological markers are highly specific for PGSD but lack sensitivity.
conclusionsPGSD appears part of a syndrome of gluten intolerance consisting of episodes of transient dyskinesia, signs suggestive of gastrointestinal disease, and dermatological hypersensitivity.
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