ReviewImmunotherapy2018
Radiation therapy and immunotherapy: what is the optimal timing or sequencing?
Review in Immunotherapy, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Radiotherapy plus immune checkpoint inhibitors versus immune checkpoint inhibitors alone for non-small cell lung cancer with bone metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative cohort studies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- The combination of a cancer vaccine, pembrolizumab, and stereotactic body radiation in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer: a single-arm, phase II study.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Hypofractionated radiotherapy plus PD-1 antibody and SOX chemotherapy as second-line therapy in metastatic pancreatic cancer: a single-arm, phase II clinical trial.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Trial
- Radiotherapy and High-Dose Interleukin-2: Clinical and Immunological Results of a Proof of Principle Study in Metastatic Melanoma and Renal Cell Carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- Review
- Chimeric antigen receptor macrophages therapy for glioblastoma: challenges and opportunities from preclinical evidence to clinical translation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Envafolimab - novel anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibody in cancer treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immunotherapy combined with radiotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer: Current status and challenge (Review).Oncology letters · 2025Review
- The Role of Advanced Practice Providers in Radiation Oncology in 2025.Clinical journal of oncology nursing · 2025Article
- Combination of radiotherapy and ICIs in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review of current evidence and future prospects (Review).Oncology letters · 2025Review
- Combination of External Beam Radiation Therapy and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Cancer Treatment: Mechanisms, Limitations, and Clinical Applications.Applied radiation oncology · 2025Article
- Abscopal effect: from a rare phenomenon to a new frontier in cancer therapy.Biomarker research · 2024Review
- The efficacy of postoperative radiotherapy in resected pⅢA-N2 EGFR mutant and wild-type lung adenocarcinoma.iScience · 2024Article
- Type I interferon signaling promotes radioresistance in head and neck cancer.Translational cancer research · 2024Article
- Neoadjuvant radioimmunotherapy in pancreatic cancer enhances effector T cell infiltration and shortens their distances to tumor cells.Science advances · 2024Article
- Understanding the PULSAR effect in combined radiotherapy and immunotherapy using transformer-based attention mechanisms.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- CD73/adenosine dynamics in treatment-induced pneumonitis: balancing efficacy with risks of adverse events in combined radio-immunotherapies.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- CAR T cell-based immunotherapy and radiation therapy: potential, promises and risks.Molecular cancer · 2023Review
- Article
- Abscopal effect observed in visceral and osseous metastases after liver SBRT in combination with nivolumab and relatlimab for sinonasal mucosal melanoma-a case report.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Radiotherapy is a component of the standard of care for many patients with locally advanced nonmetastatic tumors and increasingly those with oligometastatic tumors. Despite encouraging advances in local control and progression-free and overall survival outcomes, continued manifestation of tumor progression or recurrence leaves room for improvement in therapeutic efficacy. Novel combinations of radiation with immunotherapy have shown promise in improving outcomes and reducing recurrences by overcoming tumor immune tolerance and evasion mechanisms via boosting the immune system's ability to recognize and eradicate tumor cells. In this review, we discuss preclinical and early clinical evidence that radiotherapy and immunotherapy can improve treatment outcomes for locally advanced and metastatic tumors, elucidate underlying molecular mechanisms and address strategies to optimize timing and sequencing of combination therapy for maximal synergy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.