ReviewCold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine2018
Microglial Phenotypes and Functions in Multiple Sclerosis.
Review in Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 118 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluating the Clinical Utility of TSPO-PET in MS and the Influence of Methodological Heterogeneity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Pooled it
- Putamen iron quantification in diseases with neurodegeneration: a meta-analysis of the quantitative susceptibility mapping technique.Brain imaging and behavior · 2024Pooled it
- Understanding the Role of Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Multiple Sclerosis: An Updated Review.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Aging beyond diagnosis: the MRI brain age gap across disorders.GeroScience · 2026Review
- Microglia-associated progression of multiple sclerosis: target identification and therapeutic engagement in human in vitro models.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Transcriptomic and functional annotation datasets for GV1001 peptide treatment in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mouse model.Data in brief · 2026Article
- Epstein-barr virus and multiple sclerosis: from pathogenesis and diagnosis to EBV-specific T cell therapy and gene-targeted therapeutics.Journal of applied genetics · 2026Review
- Glial Cell Dynamics in Neuroinflammation: Mechanisms, Interactions, and Therapeutic Implications.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Autophagy-NLRP3 Inflammasome Crosstalk in Microglia: A Therapeutic Target for Multiple Sclerosis.Inflammation · 2026Review
- "Rewiring brain immunity: targeting microglial metabolism for neuroprotection in neurodegenerative disorders".Metabolic brain disease · 2025Review
- Article
- Inflammation alters myeloid cell and oligodendroglial iron-handling in multiple sclerosis.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Article
- Transcriptomic profiling identifies ferroptosis and NF-κB signaling involved in α-dimorphecolic acid regulation of microglial inflammation.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Demyelination and Remyelination: General Principles.Advances in neurobiology · 2025Review
- Incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) relapse after COVID-19 infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Caspian journal of internal medicine · 2025Review
- Irisin restrains neuroinflammation in mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis via regulating microglia activation.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Should We Consider Neurodegeneration by Itself or in a Triangulation with Neuroinflammation and Demyelination? The Example of Multiple Sclerosis and Beyond.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Panobinostat Attenuates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice via Suppressing Oxidative Stress-Related Neuroinflammation and Mitochondrial Dysfunction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Review of evidence linking exposure to environmental stressors and associated alterations in the dynamics of immunosenescence (ISC) with the global increase in multiple sclerosis (MS).Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2024Review
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Microglia are the resident immune cells that constantly survey the central nervous system. They can adapt to their environment and respond to injury or insult by altering their morphology, phenotype, and functions. It has long been debated whether microglial activation is detrimental or beneficial in multiple sclerosis (MS). Recently, the two opposing yet connected roles of microglial activation have been described with the aid of novel microglial markers, RNA profiling, and in vivo models. In this review, microglial phenotypes and functions in the context of MS will be discussed with evidence from both human pathological studies, in vitro and in vivo models. Microglial functional diversity-phagocytosis, antigen presentation, immunomodulation, support, and repair-will also be examined in detail. In addition, this review discusses the emerging evidence for microglia-related targets as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for MS.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.