ArticleJournal of substance abuse treatment2018
Expected and actual fentanyl exposure among persons seeking opioid withdrawal management.
Article in Journal of substance abuse treatment, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review on intentional non-medical fentanyl use among people who use drugs.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Mechanisms of overdose from unintentional fentanyl use when intending to use stimulants: a qualitative study of people who use stimulants and avoid opioids.Research square · 2026Article
- Naloxone Acceptance among Nightclub Attendees in New York City.Journal of community health · 2025Article
- Understanding Drug and Alcohol Staff Perspectives on the Barriers and Facilitators to Drug Checking: A Qualitative Study.Drug and alcohol review · 2025Article
- "You take care of people, people will take care of you": Moral Economies and an Unpredictable Drug Market.PloS one · 2025Article
- Overdose from Unintentional Fentanyl Use when Intending to Use a Non-opioid Substance: An Analysis of Medically Attended Opioid Overdose Events.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2024Article
- Fentanyl Exposure and Detection Strategies Utilized by Clinical Trial Participants Seeking Linkage to Opioid Use Disorder Treatment at a Syringe Service Program.Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology · 2024Article
- Exploring the Psychological Side of Fentanyl: A Scoping Review to Disclose the Psychosocial Dimensions of Illicitly Manufactured Fentanyl Users.Health psychology research · 2024Article
- Trends in Self-Reported Fentanyl and Other Illicit Substance Use in South Carolina Emergency Department Patients, 2020-2022.The Journal of emergency medicine · 2023Article
- "Just another thing for me to stress off of": Responses to unintentional fentanyl use in a community-based study of people who use opioids.Harm reduction journal · 2023Article
- Understanding intentionality of fentanyl use and drug overdose risk: Findings from a mixed methods study of people who inject drugs in New York City.The International journal on drug policy · 2023Article
- Article
- Fentanyl analog structure-activity relationships demonstrate determinants of diverging potencies for antinociception and respiratory depression.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2023Article
- "Just another thing for me to stress off of:" Responses to Unintentional Fentanyl Use in a Community-based Study of People who Use Opioids.Research square · 2023Article
- Structurally diverse fentanyl analogs yield differential locomotor activities in mice.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2023Article
- Characteristics and correlates of fentanyl preferences among people with opioid use disorder.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2022Article
- Fentanyl preference among people who use opioids in New York City.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2022Article
- Severe bacterial infections in people who inject drugs: the role of injection-related tissue damage.Harm reduction journal · 2022Article
- "It's probably going to save my life;" attitudes towards treatment among people incarcerated in the era of fentanyl.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2022Article
- Social-Structural Predictors of Fentanyl Exposure among Street Involved Youth.Substance use & misuse · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveFentanyl-contaminated opioid supplies have led to rising overdose fatalities in recent years. We compared beliefs, behaviors, and risk perceptions related to fentanyl with actual toxicology reports among people who used opioids.
methodParticipants (n=231) were patients undergoing short-term inpatient opioid withdrawal management in Fall River, Massachusetts. We compared persons testing positive and negative for fentanyl on urine toxicological testing at program entry.
resultsNearly all (95.7%) participants believed that fentanyl increases risk for overdose/death, and 86.6% of participants tested positive for fentanyl. Positive fentanyl toxicology test results were associated with lower educational attainment, history of injection drug use, and self-reported lifetime use of fentanyl. Of those reporting they had never been exposed to fentanyl (intentionally or unintentionally) (n=33), two-thirds tested positive for fentanyl; among those believing their tests would be negative (n=49), 71.4% tested positive for fentanyl. Heroin use was associated with fentanyl exposure; persons who reported past month heroin use (n=213) were more likely to test positive for fentanyl (91.1%) than persons using non-heroin opioids (n=18; 33.3%).
conclusionsNearly nine in ten participants tested positive for fentanyl, including participants who anticipated their tests would be negative. Leveraging toxicology results in opioid withdrawal settings may be helpful in educating patients about fentanyl exposure and risks.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.