ArticleBMC pediatrics2018
Prenatal and perinatal risks for late language emergence in a population-level sample of twins at age 2.
Article in BMC pediatrics, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Twins' and Singletons' Linguistic Environment: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in psychology · 2019Pooled it
- Comprehensive Evaluation of Language, Speech, and Communication Skills in 24- to 36-Month-Old Twins and Singletons: Developmental Differences and Associated Factors.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Longitudinal Grammaticality Judgments of Tense Marking in Complex Questions in Children With and Without Specific Language Impairment, Ages 5-18 Years.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2023Article
- Long-term outcomes of offspring from multiple gestations: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study on multi-system diseases using UK Biobank and FinnGen databases.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Article
- Language Impairment in Children of Mothers with Gestational Diabetes, Preeclampsia, and Preterm Delivery: Current Hypothesis and Potential Underlying Mechanisms : Language Impartment and Pregnancy Complications.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Article
- Behavioral problems of Mandarin-speaking late-talking toddlers and preschool aged children: A prospective case-control study in Taiwan.Medicine · 2020Article
- Article
- Causal Pathways for Specific Language Impairment: Lessons From Studies of Twins.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2020Review
- Does the Inclusion of a Genome-Wide Polygenic Score Improve Early Risk Prediction for Later Language and Literacy Delay?Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2020Article
- Heritability of Specific Language Impairment and Nonspecific Language Impairment at Ages 4 and 6 Years Across Phenotypes of Speech, Language, and Nonverbal Cognition.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2020Article
- Narrowing the Genetic Causes of Language Dysfunction in the 1q21.1 Microduplication Syndrome.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLate Language Emergence (LLE) in the first two years of life is one of the most common parental concerns about child development and reasons for seeking advice from health professionals. LLE is much more prevalent in twins (38%) than singletons (20%). In studies of language development in twins without overt disability, adverse prenatal and perinatal environments have been reported to play a lesser role in the etiology of LLE than adverse postnatal environments. However, there is a lack of population-level evidence about prenatal and perinatal risk factors for LLE in twins. This study investigated the extent to which prenatal and perinatal risk factors were associated with LLE in a population-level sample of twins at age 2 without overt disability.
methodsThe sample comprised 473 twin pairs drawn from a population sample frame comprising statutory notifications of all births in Western Australia (WA), 2000-2003. Twin pairs in which either twin had a known developmental disorder or exposure to language(s) other than English were excluded. Of the 946 twins, 47.9% were male. There were 313 dizygotic and 160 monozygotic twin pairs. LLE was defined as a score at or below the gender-specific 10th percentile on the MacArthur Communicative Development Inventories: Words and Sentences (CDI-WS) (Words Produced). Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was used to investigate risk factors associated with LLE.
resultsIn the multivariable model, risk factors for LLE in order of decreasing magnitude were: Gestational diabetes had an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 19.5 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2, 313.1); prolonged TSR (aOR: 13.6 [2.0, 91.1]); multiparity (aOR: 7.6 [1.6, 37.5]), monozygosity (aOR: 6.9 [1.7, 27.9]) and fetal growth restriction (aOR: 4.6 [1.7, 12.7]). Sociodemographic risk factors (e.g., low maternal education, socioeconomic area disadvantage) were not associated with increased odds of LLE.
conclusionsThe results suggest that adverse prenatal and perinatal environments are important in the etiology of LLE in twins at age 2. It is important that health professionals discuss twin pregnancy and birth risks for delayed speech and language milestones with parents and provide ongoing developmental monitoring for all twins, not just twins with overt disability.
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