Observational studyPloS one2018
Inpatient mortality rates during an era of increased access to HIV testing and ART: A prospective observational study in Lilongwe, Malawi.
Observational study in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Use of hospital services by patients with chronic conditions in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2023Pooled it
- Outcomes of people living with HIV after hospital discharge: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The lancet. HIV · 2022Pooled it
- Cost-Effectiveness of a Blended Learning Training Approach for Health Care Workers Conducting HIV Index Case Testing in Malawi: Secondary Economic Analysis of a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR medical education · 2026Trial
- Exploring Socioeconomic Factors Among Women Living with HIV in Malawi and Kenya.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Article
- Hospitalized with HIV in Zambia: individual and system factors driving the high burden of admissions and post-discharge mortality in the era of HIV epidemic control.AIDS research and therapy · 2025Article
- Hospitalization outcomes in people living with HIV on Dolutegravir-based regimen in Mwanza, Tanzania: a comparative cohort.AIDS research and therapy · 2025Article
- Assessment of Awareness and Acceptability of Hospital Autopsy Among People Living with HIV and Their Caregivers in Northern Uganda.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- Mortality among extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients in the HIV endemic setting: lessons from a tertiary level hospital in Mbeya, Tanzania.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Interventions to reduce deaths in people living with HIV admitted to hospital in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Effect of HIV on mortality among hospitalised patients in South Africa.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2023Article
- Implementation of tuberculosis and cryptococcal meningitis rapid diagnostic tests amongst patients with advanced HIV at Kamuzu Central Hospital, Malawi, 2016-2017.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Implementing Advanced HIV Disease Care for Inpatients in a Referral Hospital in Malawi - Demand, Results and Cost Implications.Annals of global health · 2022Article
- Article
- Prevalence and correlates of herbal medicine use among Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) clients at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH), Blantyre Malawi: a cross-sectional study.Malawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi · 2021Article
- Profile of presentation of HIV-positive patients to an emergency department in Johannesburg, South Africa.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2021Article
- Advanced HIV disease during the 'Treat All' era in Botswana.AIDS (London, England) · 2020Article
- Lessons learned from the development and implementation of an electronic paediatric emergency and acute care database in Lilongwe, Malawi.BMJ global health · 2020Review
- HIV-associated morbidity and mortality in a setting of high ART coverage: prospective surveillance results from a district hospital in Botswana.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2019Article
- Care Continuum and Postdischarge Outcomes Among HIV-Infected Adults Admitted to the Hospital in Zambia.Open forum infectious diseases · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn the era of increased access to HIV testing and antiretroviral treatment (ART), the impact of HIV and ART status on inpatient mortality in Malawi is unknown.
methodsWe prospectively followed adult inpatients at Kamuzu Central Hospital medical wards in Lilongwe, Malawi, between 2011 and 2012, to evaluate causes of mortality, and the impact of HIV and ART status on mortality. We divided the study population into five categories: HIV-negative, new HIV-positive, ART-naïve patients, new ART-initiators, and ART-experienced. We used multivariate binomial regression models to compare risk of death between categories.
resultsAmong 2911 admitted patients the mean age was 38.5 years, and 50% were women. Eighty-one percent (81%) of patients had a known HIV status at the time of discharge or death. Mortality was 19.4% and varied between 13.9% (HIV-negative patients) and 32.9% (HIV-positive patients on ART ≤1 year). In multivariable analyses adjusted for age, sex and leading causes of mortality, being new HIV-positive (RR = 1.64 95% CI: 1.16-2.32), ART-naive (RR = 2.28 95% CI: 1.66-2.32) or being a new ART-initiator (RR = 2.41 95% CI: 1.85-3.14) were associated with elevated risk of mortality compared to HIV-negative patients. ART-experienced patients had comparable mortality (RR = 1.33 95% CI: 0.94-1.88) to HIV-negative patients.
conclusionHIV related mortality remains high among medical inpatients, especially among HIV-positive patients who recently initiated ART or have not started ART yet.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.