Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29414305›Full record

ReviewCancer letters2018

Immunogenic chemotherapy: Dose and schedule dependence and combination with immunotherapy.

Junjie Wu, David J Waxman

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Cancer letters, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 176 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
176citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
12.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

176 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 326 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  14. Gaming the cancer-immunity cycle by synchronizing the dose schedules.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Elucidating DNA Damage-Dependent Immune System Activation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  20. Application of nanomedicines in tumor immunotherapy.Journal of molecular cell biology · 2025
    Review

116 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Junjie WuDepartment of Biology, Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
David J WaxmanDepartment of Biology, Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Electronic address: djw@bu.edu.
Boston University · US

Funding

HEPATIC METABOLISM OF ANTICANCER DRUGSR01CA049248 · NCI · DANA-FARBER CANCER INSTITUTE · PI WAXMAN, DAVID J · 1991 to 2014
$4.3M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA049248
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Conventional cytotoxic cancer chemotherapy is often immunosuppressive and associated with drug resistance and tumor regrowth after a short period of tumor shrinkage or growth stasis. However, certain cytotoxic cancer chemotherapeutic drugs, including doxorubicin, mitoxantrone, and cyclophosphamide, can kill tumor cells by an immunogenic cell death pathway, which activates robust innate and adaptive anti-tumor immune responses and has the potential to greatly increase the efficacy of chemotherapy. Here, we review studies on chemotherapeutic drug-induced immunogenic cell death, focusing on how the choice of a conventional cytotoxic agent and its dose and schedule impact anti-tumor immune responses. We propose a strategy for effective immunogenic chemotherapy that employs a modified metronomic schedule for drug delivery, which we term medium-dose intermittent chemotherapy (MEDIC). Striking responses have been seen in preclinical cancer models using MEDIC, where an immunogenic cancer chemotherapeutic agent is administered intermittently and at an intermediate dose, designed to impart strong and repeated cytotoxic damage to tumors, and on a schedule compatible with activation of a sustained anti-tumor immune response, thereby maximizing anti-cancer activity. We also discuss strategies for combination chemo-immunotherapy, and we outline approaches to identify new immunogenic chemotherapeutic agents for drug development.

Indexed as

Administration, MetronomicAnimalsAntineoplastic AgentsCell SurvivalCombined Modality TherapyDose-Response Relationship, DrugHumansImmunotherapyNeoplasmsXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysAntineoplastic AgentsAnti-cancer drug schedulingAnti-tumor immunityDrug developmentImmune memoryImmune suppression

Identifiers

PMID29414305
PMCPMC5818299
OpenAlexW2790541566

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.