SynthesisRevista de saude publica2018
Breastfeeding and behavior disorders among children and adolescents: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Revista de saude publica, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- From Mind to Milk: The Influence of Psychological Factors on the Composition of Human Breast Milk.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Psychological relation of tandem nursing to children's socio-emotional development and attachment to their caregiver.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Breastfeeding and later depression and anxiety in mothers in Ireland: a 10-year prospective observational study.BMJ open · 2026Observational
- Association between breastfeeding and lower risk of behavioral problems in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Review
- Joint developmental trajectories of internalising and externalising behaviours from childhood to adolescence and their links to socio-economic profiles - findings from the 'growing up in Ireland' cohort.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Early breastfeeding as protective factor for preschool emotional and behavioral health.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Comparative Analysis of Breastfeeding and Infant Formulas: Short- and Long-Term Impacts on Infant Nutrition and Health.Food science & nutrition · 2025Review
- Exploring mental health in Iranian children: insights from a cohort dataset by using the strengths and difficulties questionnaire.Discover mental health · 2025Article
- Cognitive and behavioral benefits of 2'-fucosyllactose in growing mice: the roles of 5-hydroxytryptophan and gut microbiota.Microbiome · 2025Article
- Breastfeeding initiation and duration: links to physical, mental and behavioural health in US children aged 3-5 years.BMJ nutrition, prevention & health · 2025Article
- The mediating role of sleep disorders in the relationship between breastfeeding and behavioral problems among 6- to 8-year-old children in Shanghai, China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Best for Whom? Heterogeneous Treatment Effects of Breastfeeding on Child Development.Social forces; a scientific medium of social study and interpretation · 2024Article
- Infant feeding method and special educational need in 191,745 Scottish schoolchildren: A national, population cohort study.PLoS medicine · 2023Article
- Maternal smoking around birth may lower the protective effects of breastfeeding on anxiety, depression and neuroticism in adult offspring: a UK biobank study.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2023Article
- The Association Between the Duration of Breastfeeding in Infancy and Adult Psychopathology: A Cross-Sectional Study in Turkey.Florence Nightingale journal of nursing · 2022Article
- Article
- Classification of psychiatric symptoms using deep interaction networks: the CASPIAN-IV study.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Parenting styles and preschool children's behaviour in a Saudi Arabian postgraduate dental setting.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2021Article
- The Protective and Long-Lasting Effects of Human Milk Oligosaccharides on Cognition in Mammals.Nutrients · 2020Review
- Socio-demographic predictors of prepulse inhibition: A prospective study in children and adolescents from Mexico City.Biological psychology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis systematic review study aimed to assess the evidence available for the association between breastfeeding and behavior disorders in childhood and adolescence.
methodsThe search was carried out in the PubMed, Lilacs, and PsycINFO databases up to December 2016. Inclusion criteria were as follows: prospective, retrospective and cross-sectional studies assessing the association between breastfeeding and behavior disorders in childhood or adolescence, using psychometric tests, carried out in humans and published in Portuguese, English, or Spanish. The search was performed in several stages by two independent researchers using pre-established criteria.
resultsEighteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Breastfeeding for a period equal to or higher than three or four months seemed to be inversely associated with total behavior and conduct disorders in childhood; however, the association remains unclear for other behavior disorders. Only four studies assessed behavior disorders in adolescence, and when an association was found, it was likely to be positive. The duration of breastfeeding seemed to be more important than the exclusive or non-exclusive pattern of breastfeeding.
conclusionsBreastfed children for at least three to four months had fewer total behavior and conduct disorders in childhood. Further studies are needed to better understand this association, particularly in adolescence and involving other behavioral profiles.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.