ReviewEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2018
Hand, foot and mouth disease: current knowledge on clinical manifestations, epidemiology, aetiology and prevention.
Review in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 121 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
121 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 225 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effectiveness of Kanggan granules in treating hand, foot and mouth disease in children: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Pooled it
- The epidemiological and clinical differences between patients with mpox and patients without mpox among suspected cases during the recent global mpox outbreaks: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Risk Factors for Severe Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Pooled it
- Immunogenicity and safety of an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine (CoronaVac®) co-administered with an inactivated enterovirus type 71 vaccine (Inlive®): A phase 4, randomized, controlled trial.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Trial
- Immunogenicity and safety of an inactivated enterovirus 71 vaccine coadministered with trivalent split-virion inactivated influenza vaccine: A phase 4, multicenter, randomized, controlled trial in China.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Trial
- Immunogenicity and safety of an inactivated enterovirus 71 vaccine co-administered with measles-mumps-rubella vaccine and live-attenuated Japanese encephalitis vaccine: a phase 4, single-center, randomized controlled trial.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Trial
- Syndirella: synthesis-directed fragment elaboration enables extensive and cost-effective binding site exploration beyond catalog compounds.Chemical science · 2026Article
- Enterovirus infections in children.Pediatric investigation · 2026Review
- Genetic variation, recombinant characteristics, and seroprevalence analysis of echovirus 3 causing severe and mild cases of hand, foot, and mouth disease in Guizhou Province.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Typical hand, foot, and mouth disease in a 24-year-old man.Infection · 2026Article
- Epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal analysis of hand-foot-mouth disease in Shandong Province, China.International health · 2026Article
- Enterovirus A71 3AB protein facilitates immune evasion by blocking cGAS recognition of mtDNA.EMBO reports · 2026Article
- Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of a Bivalent Vaccine for Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease: A Simulation-Based Study in Beijing, China.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Current Trends in Designing New Antivirals Targeting Proteases: A Review from 2018 to 2025.Current drug targets · 2026Review
- Evaluation of enterovirus A71 vaccine effectiveness against pediatric hand, foot, and mouth disease caused by enterovirus A71 virus in Tianjin, China, 2016-2023: A test-negative design case-control study.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Trends in epidemics pertaining to notifiable infectious diseases in China and prediction models for key diseases: a case study of Ziyang County.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Identification of enterovirus 71 hand, foot and mouth disease from other enteroviruses by microfluidic digital PCR.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Rapid diagnosis of viral infections and application to infection control.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Metagenomic analysis and genomic characterization of enterovirus A76 and Norovirus GI.6[P11] co-infection in a patient with acute gastroenteritis in Thailand.Scientific reports · 2025Article
61 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
For a long time, hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) was seen as a mild viral infection characterized by typical clinical manifestations that spontaneously resolved in a few days without complications. In the past two decades, HFMD has received new attention because of evidence that this disease could have clinical, epidemiological and aetiological characteristics quite different from those initially thought. In contrast to previous beliefs, it has been clarified that HFMD can be associated with complications, leading to severe neurological sequelae and, rarely, to death. This finding has led to an enormous number of studies that have indicated that several viruses in addition to those known to be causes of HFMD could be associated with the development of disease. Moreover, it was found that if some viruses were more common in some geographic areas, frequent modification of the molecular epidemiology of the infecting strains could lead to outbreaks caused by infectious agents significantly different from those previously circulating. Vaccines able to confer protection against the most common aetiologic agents in a given country have been developed. However, simultaneous circulation of more than one causative virus and modification of the molecular epidemiology of infectious agents make preparations based on a single agent relatively inadequate. Vaccines with multiple components are a possible solution. However, several problems concerning their development must be solved before adequate prevention of severe cases of HFMD can be achieved.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.