ArticleDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2018
Rationale and protocol of the Study Of diabetic Nephropathy with AtRasentan (SONAR) trial: A clinical trial design novel to diabetic nephropathy.
Article in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01858532 (A Randomized, Multicountry, Multicenter, Double-Blind, Parallel, Placebo-Controlled Study of the Effects of Atrasentan on Renal Outcomes in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes and Nephropathy. SONAR), which is not on this map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized, Multicountry, Multicenter, Double-Blind, Parallel, Placebo-Controlled Study of the Effects of Atrasentan on Renal Outcomes in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes and Nephropathy. SONAR: Study Of Diabetic Nephropathy With Atrasentan
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- Urinary clusterin as a biomarker of human kidney disease progression and response to the endothelin receptor antagonist atrasentan: An exploratory analysis from the SONAR trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Trial
- The effect of the endothelin receptor antagonist atrasentan on insulin resistance in phenotypic clusters of patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Trial
- Organic Anion Transporter Gene Variants Associated With Plasma Exposure and Long-Term Response to Atrasentan in Patients With Diabetic Kidney Disease.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2022Trial
- Zibotentan in systemic sclerosis-associated chronic kidney disease: a phase II randomised placebo-controlled trial.Arthritis research & therapy · 2022Trial
- Individual Atrasentan Exposure is Associated With Long-term Kidney and Heart Failure Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2021Trial
- Inter-individual variability in atrasentan exposure partly explains variability in kidney protection and fluid retention responses: A post hoc analysis of the SONAR trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2021Trial
- Early Change in Albuminuria with Canagliflozin Predicts Kidney and Cardiovascular Outcomes: AJournal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2020 · on this mapTrial
- The dapagliflozin and prevention of adverse outcomes in chronic kidney disease (DAPA-CKD) trial: baseline characteristics.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2020Trial
- Baseline characteristics and enrichment results from the SONAR trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2018Trial
- Determining the optimal dose of atrasentan by evaluating the exposure-response relationships of albuminuria and bodyweight.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2018Trial
- Selective endothelin A receptor antagonism in chronic kidney disease: improving clinical application.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2025Review
- A Narrative Review of Signaling Pathway and Treatment Options for Diabetic Nephropathy.Current molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Study Design and Baseline Characteristics of ALIGN, a Randomized Controlled Study of Atrasentan in Patients With IgA Nephropathy.Kidney international reports · 2025Article
- Safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics in healthy Chinese volunteers treated with SC0062, a highly selective endothelin-A receptor antagonist.Clinical and translational science · 2024Article
- Insulin resistance, kidney outcomes and effects of the endothelin receptor antagonist atrasentan in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2023Article
- Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study of bardoxolone methyl in patients with diabetic kidney disease: design and baseline characteristics of the AYAME study.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2023Article
- Safety and Efficacy of GFB-887, a TRPC5 Channel Inhibitor, in Patients With Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis, Treatment-Resistant Minimal Change Disease, or Diabetic Nephropathy: TRACTION-2 Trial Design.Kidney international reports · 2021Article
- Chronic Kidney Disease: Strategies to Retard Progression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Changes of serum advanced glycation end products (AGEs), matrix metalloprotein-2 (MMP-2), and urinary microalbuminuria (mALB) in diabetic nephropathy and their predictive value for heart failure.Translational andrology and urology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 12 institutions in 9 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsIndividuals with diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at high risk for renal events. Recent trials of novel treatments have been negative, possibly because of variability in response to treatment of the target risk factor. Atrasentan is a selective endothelin A receptor antagonist that reduces urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), with a large variability between patients. We are assessing its effect on renal outcomes in the Study Of diabetic Nephropathy with AtRasentan (SONAR; NCT01858532) with an enrichment design (>30% lowering of albuminuria) to select patients most likely to benefit. MATERIALS AND
methodsSONAR is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with approximately 3500 participants who have stage 2-4 CKD and macroalbuminuria and are receiving a maximum tolerated dose of a renin-angiotensin system inhibitor.
resultsAfter 6 weeks of exposure to atrasentan 0.75 mg once daily (enrichment period), participants with ≥30% UACR decrease and no tolerability issues (responders) were randomly assigned to placebo or atrasentan 0.75 mg/day. The responder group will be used for primary efficacy and safety analyses. Approximately 1000 participants with <30% UACR reduction (non-responders) were also randomized to placebo or atrasentan. The primary endpoint is a composite of a sustained doubling of serum creatinine or end-stage renal disease. The original power calculation indicated that a total of 425 primary renal events in the responder group provides 90% power to detect a 27% reduction in relative risk (alpha level of .05).
conclusionSONAR aims to determine whether atrasentan added to guideline-recommended therapies safely reduces the risk of CKD progression and delays the onset of end-stage renal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy. SONAR also aims to establish whether the enrichment of patients based on their initial "surrogate" response to atrasentan will deliver a trial design in accord with personalized treatment of diabetic kidney disease.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.