Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29402210›Full record

ArticleBMC bioinformatics2018

Defiant: (DMRs: easy, fast, identification and ANnoTation) identifies differentially Methylated regions from iron-deficient rat hippocampus.

David E Condon, Phu V Tran, Yu-Chin Lien, Jonathan Schug, Michael K Georgieff, Rebecca A Simmons, Kyoung-Jae Won

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC bioinformatics, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Uncovering alterations in cancer epigenetics via trans-dimensional Markov chain Monte Carlo and hidden Markov models.Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series C, Applied statistics · 2026
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  7. Grafting based DNA methylation alteration of snoRNAs in upland cotton (Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology · 2024
    Article
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  10. Epigenetic control of ataxin-1 in multiple sclerosis.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2022
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  12. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

David E CondonDepartment of Genetics, The Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Phu V TranDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, 2450 Riverside Avenue, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA.
Yu-Chin LienCenter for Research on Reproduction and Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Jonathan SchugDepartment of Genetics, The Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Michael K GeorgieffDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, 2450 Riverside Avenue, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA.
Rebecca A SimmonsCenter for Research on Reproduction and Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Kyoung-Jae WonDepartment of Genetics, The Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. kyoung.won@bric.ku.dk.ORCID 0000-0002-2924-9630

Funding

VIRAL VECTOR COREP30DK019525 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI MITCHELL A. LAZAR · 1986 to 2026
$48.3M
NEWBORN IRON DEFICIENCYR01HD029421 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · PI GEORGIEFF, MICHAEL K. · 2000 to 2015
$4.4M
Tracing transcriptomic changes to uncover unknown roles of TZDsR01DK106027 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI SEALE, PATRICK, WON, KYOUNG JAE · 2015 to 2019
$1.7M
Roles of Iron-Dependent PHD and JARID in Early-Life Iron Deficiency-Induced Adult Neural Gene DysregulationR01NS099178 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI TRAN, PHU V. · 2017 to 2021
$1.6M
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD029421NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK019525NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK106027NIH HHS R01 DK106027NIH HHS R01 HD029421NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS099178
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIdentification of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) is the initial step towards the study of DNA methylation-mediated gene regulation. Previous approaches to call DMRs suffer from false prediction, use extreme resources, and/or require library installation and input conversion.

resultsWe developed a new approach called Defiant to identify DMRs. Employing Weighted Welch Expansion (WWE), Defiant showed superior performance to other predictors in the series of benchmarking tests on artificial and real data. Defiant was subsequently used to investigate DNA methylation changes in iron-deficient rat hippocampus. Defiant identified DMRs close to genes associated with neuronal development and plasticity, which were not identified by its competitor. Importantly, Defiant runs between 5 to 479 times faster than currently available software packages. Also, Defiant accepts 10 different input formats widely used for DNA methylation data.

conclusionsDefiant effectively identifies DMRs for whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS), reduced-representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS), Tet-assisted bisulfite sequencing (TAB-seq), and HpaII tiny fragment enrichment by ligation-mediated PCR-tag (HELP) assays.

Indexed as

Iron DeficienciesMolecular Sequence AnnotationSoftwareAlgorithmsAnimalsAnimals, NewbornCpG IslandsDatabases, GeneticDNA MethylationFemaleFetusHippocampusRats, Sprague-DawleyTime FactorsBisulfite sequencingDifferentially Methylated regions (DMR)DNA MethylationEpigeneticsRRBSWGBS

Identifiers

PMID29402210
PMCPMC5800085

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.