ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2018
Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Antibodies in the Cerebrospinal Fluid: Evidence of Early Treatment Impact on Central Nervous System Reservoir?
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influence of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy on HIV-1 Serological Responses and Their Implications: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Implications and prospects of immunological and neuroimaging research in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.Frontiers in neurologyPooled it
- Trial
- Central Nervous System Effects of Early HIV Infection and Consequences of Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation during Acute HIV.Viruses · 2024Review
- Impact of interrupting antiretroviral therapy started during primary HIV-1 infection on plasma neurofilament light chain protein, a marker of neuronal injury: The SPARTAC trial.Journal of virus eradication · 2024Article
- HIV and COVID-19: two pandemics with significant (but different) central nervous system complications.Free neuropathology · 2024Article
- Immune Modulation of HIV-1 Reservoir Size in Early-Treated Neonates.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Article
- Biotypes of Central Nervous System Complications in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Virology, Immunology, and Neuropathology.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Cohort profile: InfCareHIV, a prospective registry-based cohort study of people with diagnosed HIV in Sweden.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Sirtuin-2, NAD-Dependent Deacetylase, Is a New Potential Therapeutic Target for HIV-1 Infection and HIV-Related Neurological Dysfunction.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- Residual Central Nervous System Immune Activation Is Not Prevented by Antiretroviral Therapy Initiated During Early Chronic HIV Infection.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Intact HIV Proviruses Persist in the Brain Despite Viral Suppression with ART.Annals of neurology · 2022Article
- Functional Compartmentalization of Antibodies in the Central Nervous System During Chronic HIV Infection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Neuropathogenesis of HIV-1: insights from across the spectrum of acute through long-term treated infection.Seminars in immunopathology · 2022Review
- HIV Compartmentalization in the CNS and Its Impact in Treatment Outcomes and Cure Strategies.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2022Review
- Neuroimmunology of CNS HIV Infection: A Narrative Review.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Review
- HIV-1 gp120 Impairs Spatial Memory Through Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Article
- Review
- New Potential Axes of HIV Neuropathogenesis with Relevance to Biomarkers and Treatment.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) likely persists in the central nervous system (CNS) in treated individuals. We examined anti-HIV antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood as markers of persistence. Methods: Human immunodeficiency virus antibodies were measured in paired CSF and serum before and after long-term treatment of chronic (n = 10) and early infection (n = 12), along with untreated early infection (n = 10). Results: Treatment of chronic infection resulted in small reductions of anti-HIV antibodies in CSF and serum despite >10 years of suppressive ART. In untreated early infection, anti-HIV antibodies emerged in blood by day 30, whereas CSF antibodies reached similar levels 2 weeks later. Compared with long-term treatment of chronic infection, early ART initiation reduced CSF antibodies by 43-fold (P > .0001) and blood antibodies by 7-fold (P = .0003). Two individuals receiving pre-exposure prophylaxis and then ART early after infection failed to develop antibodies in CSF or blood, whereas CSF antibodies were markedly reduced in the Berlin patient. Conclusions: To the extent that differential CSF and blood antibodies indicate HIV persistence, these data suggest a relative delay in establishment of the CNS compared with the systemic HIV reservoir that provides an opportunity for early treatment to have a greater impact on the magnitude of long-term CNS infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.