ArticleOncology letters2018
Microglia immunophenotyping in gliomas.
Article in Oncology letters, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microglia in diffuse midline glioma contribute to extracellular matrix remodelling and cancer cell invasion.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Reconstructing the glioblastoma microenvironment in heterotypic 3D spheroids: a multicellular model to study tumor-stromal crosstalk.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Role of the TLR signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of glioblastoma multiforme with an emphasis on immunotherapy.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Review
- Review
- Prognostic and predictive determinants in high-grade gliomas: integrating tumor-intrinsic biology with patient and system-level factors.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Microglia and brain macrophages are differentially associated with tumor necrosis in glioblastoma: A link to tumor progression.Oncology research · 2025Article
- Pilocytic astrocytoma: The paradigmatic entity in low‑grade gliomas (Review).Oncology letters · 2024Review
- The Interplay between Glioblastoma Cells and Tumor Microenvironment: New Perspectives for Early Diagnosis and Targeted Cancer Therapy.Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Frequencies of 4 tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes potently predict survival in glioblastoma, an immune desert.Neuro-oncology · 2024Article
- Review
- Immunopathology of Extracellular Vesicles in Macrophage and Glioma Cross-Talk.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Different phenotypes of microglia in animal models of Alzheimer disease.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2022Review
- Wasl is crucial to maintain microglial core activities during glioblastoma initiation stages.Glia · 2022Article
- Glioma-Associated Microglia Characterization in the Glioblastoma Microenvironment through a 'Seed-and Soil' Approach: A Systematic Review.Brain sciences · 2022Review
- Characterization of an Immortalized Human Microglial Cell Line as a Tool for the Study of Diabetic Retinopathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Tumor Microenvironment in Glioma Invasion.Brain sciences · 2022Review
- Glioblastoma: Pitfalls and Opportunities of Immunotherapeutic Combinations.OncoTargets and therapy · 2022Review
- The Diagnostic Significance of CXCL13 in M2 Tumor Immune Microenvironment of Human Astrocytoma.Pathology oncology research : POR · 2022Article
- Immunohistochemical evaluation of immune cell infiltration in canine gliomas.Veterinary pathology · 2021Article
- Comparison of In Vivo and Ex Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging in a Rat Model for Glioblastoma-Associated Epilepsy.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Microglia, once assimilated to peripheral macrophages, in gliomas has long been discussed and currently it is hypothesized to play a pro-tumor role in tumor progression. Uncertain between M1 and M2 polarization, it exchanges signals with glioma cells to create an immunosuppressive microenvironment and stimulates cell proliferation and migration. Four antibodies are currently used for microglia/macrophage identification in tissues that exhibit different cell forms and cell localization. The aim of the present work was to describe the distribution of the different cell forms and to deduce their significance on the basis of what is known on their function from the literature. Normal resting microglia, reactive microglia, intermediate and bumpy forms and macrophage-like cells can be distinguished by Iba1, CD68, CD16 and CD163 and further categorized by CD11b, CD45, c-MAF and CD98. The number of microglia/macrophages strongly increased from normal cortex and white matter to infiltrating and solid tumors. The ramified microglia accumulated in infiltration areas of both high- and low-grade gliomas, when hypertrophy and hyperplasia occur. In solid tumors, intermediate and bumpy forms prevailed and there is a large increase of macrophage-like cells in glioblastoma. The total number of microglia cells did not vary among the three grades of malignancy, but macrophage-like cells definitely prevailed in high-grade gliomas and frequently expressed CD45 and c-MAF. CD98
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.