ArticleJournal of cellular and molecular medicine2018
GDF-15 is a better complimentary marker for risk stratification of arrhythmic death in non-ischaemic, dilated cardiomyopathy than soluble ST2.
Article in Journal of cellular and molecular medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Redefining Sudden Cardiac Death Risk Stratification in Dilated Cardiomyopathy: An Integrative Approach.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- New Biomarkers in the Prognostic Assessment of Acute Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction: Beyond Natriuretic Peptides.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF-15), a New Biomarker in Heart Failure Management.Current heart failure reports · 2023Review
- Soluble ST2 as a Potential Biomarker for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms-A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Soluble ST2 and All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-A 10-Year Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Well-Known and Novel Serum Biomarkers for Risk Stratification of Patients with Non-ischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Sex Differences, Genetic and Environmental Influences on Dilated Cardiomyopathy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- The Time Has Come to Explore Plasma Biomarkers in Genetic Cardiomyopathies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- GDF-15 as a Biomarker in Cardiovascular Disease.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2021Review
- Elevated plasma levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine and the risk for arrhythmic death in ischemic and non-ischemic, dilated cardiomyopathy - A prospective, controlled long-term study.Clinical biochemistry · 2020Observational
- The pro-inflammatory marker soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 (ST2) is reduced especially in diabetic morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2020Article
- Association of Soluble Suppression of Tumorigenesis 2 (sST2) With Platelet Activation, Monocyte Tissue Factor and Ischemic Outcomes Following Angioplasty and Stenting.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2020Article
- Dilated cardiomyopathy.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2019Review
- Cardioprotective cytokine interleukin-33 is up-regulated by statins in human cardiac tissue.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2018Article
- Plasma levels of interleukin-33 and soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 in patients with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma undergoing systemic chemotherapy.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2018Observational
- Plasma Protein Profiling Reveal Osteoprotegerin as a Marker of Prognostic Impact for Colorectal Cancer.Translational oncology · 2018Article
- GDF-15 is a better complimentary marker for risk stratification of arrhythmic death in non-ischaemic, dilated cardiomyopathy than soluble ST2.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor (GDF)-15 and soluble ST2 (sST2) are established prognostic markers in acute and chronic heart failure. Assessment of these biomarkers might improve arrhythmic risk stratification of patients with non-ischaemic, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) based on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). We studied the prognostic value of GDF-15 and sST2 for prediction of arrhythmic death (AD) and all-cause mortality in patients with DCM. We prospectively enrolled 52 patients with DCM and LVEF ≤ 50%. Primary end-points were time to AD or resuscitated cardiac arrest (RCA), and secondary end-point was all-cause mortality. The median follow-up time was 7 years. A cardiac death was observed in 20 patients, where 10 patients had an AD and 2 patients had a RCA. One patient died a non-cardiac death. GDF-15, but not sST2, was associated with increased risk of the AD/RCA with a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.1 (95% CI = 1.1-4.3; P = .031). GDF-15 remained an independent predictor of AD/RCA after adjustment for LVEF with adjusted HR of 2.2 (95% CI = 1.1-4.5; P = .028). Both GDF-15 and sST2 were independent predictors of all-cause mortality (adjusted HR = 2.4; 95% CI = 1.4-4.2; P = .003 vs HR = 1.6; 95% CI = 1.05-2.7; P = .030). In a model including GDF-15, sST2, LVEF and NYHA functional class, only GDF-15 was significantly associated with the secondary end-point (adjusted HR = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.05-5.2; P = .038). GDF-15 is superior to sST2 in prediction of fatal arrhythmic events and all-cause mortality in DCM. Assessment of GDF-15 could provide additional information on top of LVEF and help identifying patients at risk of arrhythmic death.
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