Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29396622›Full record

ArticleClinical and experimental nephrology2018

AQP2 in human urine is predominantly localized to exosomes with preserved water channel activities.

Yuko Miyazawa, Saki Mikami, Keiko Yamamoto, Masaki Sakai, Tatsuya Saito, Tadashi Yamamoto, Kenichi Ishibashi, Sei Sasaki

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical and experimental nephrology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Urinary exosomes as promising biomarkers for early kidney disease detection.American journal of clinical and experimental urology · 2025
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Updated Methods of Extracellular Vesicles Isolation.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Emerging roles for AQP in mammalian extracellular vesicles.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Biomembranes · 2022
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Yuko Miyazawa *Department of Pathophysiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan.
Saki Mikami *Department of Pathophysiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan.
Keiko YamamotoBiofluid Biomarker Center, Niigata University, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan.
Masaki SakaiDepartment of Pathophysiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan.
Tatsuya SaitoDepartment of Pathophysiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan.
Tadashi YamamotoBiofluid Biomarker Center, Niigata University, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan.
Kenichi IshibashiDepartment of Pathophysiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan.
Sei SasakiDepartment of Pathophysiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan. ssasaki.kid@tmd.ac.jp.
Meiji Pharmaceutical University · JPNiigata University · JPTokyo Medical and Dental University · JP

Funding

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 15K09301Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 15K09302
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAQP2 water channel is critical for urinary concentration in the kidney. Interestingly, AQP2 is abundantly excreted in the urine as extracellular vesicles (EVs), which is known to be a useful biomarker for water-balance disorders although the character of AQP2-enriched EVs is poorly understood including water channel function.

methodsHuman urine EVs were obtained by a differential centrifugation method. AQP2-bearing EVs were isolated by immunoprecipitation with an AQP2-specific antibody, and the proteins in the EVs were analyzed by LC-MS/MS proteomic analysis. Osmotic water permeability (Pf) of the AQP2-rich EVs was measured by a stopped-flow method monitoring scattered light intensity in response to outwardly directed osmotic gradient.

resultsSequential centrifugation of human urine showed that AQP2 was present predominantly (80%) in low-density EVs (160,000 g), whereas negligible amount in high-density EVs (17,000 g). Proteomic analysis of the AQP2-bearing EVs identified 137 proteins, mostly in the endosome pathway, including the components of ESCRT (endosomal sorting complex required transporter)-I, II, III. Pf value of the 160,000 g EVs was 4.75 ± 0.38 × 10

conclusionTaken together, AQP2 is localized predominantly to urinary exosomes with preserved water channel activities.

Indexed as

ExosomesProteomicsAquaporin 2HumansKidneyPermeabilityWaterAquaporin 2WaterAquaporin-2BiomarkerESCRTKidneyProteomicsUrine concentration

Identifiers

PMID29396622
OpenAlexW2792280502

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.