ArticleScientific reports2018
Metals Enhance the Killing of Bacteria by Bacteriophage in Human Blood.
Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- A consensus-based guideline for personalized bacteriophage therapy.Nature medicine · 2026Guideline
- Genomic and Phenotypic Characterization of Two Novel Enterobacter Phages With EDTA-Enhanced Antibiofilm Activity.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Article
- Model-dependent efficacy of sequential phage-antibiotic-antifungal therapy against dual-species biofilms.Biofilm · 2026Article
- Bacteriophage-mediated reduction of uropathogenicInfection and immunity · 2026Article
- Bacteriophage-mediated reduction of uropathogenicbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Phage-induced protection against lethal bacterial reinfection.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Formulation of three tailed bacteriophages by spray-drying and atomic layer deposition for thermal stability and controlled release.Journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2024Article
- Phage libraries screening on P53: Yield improvement by zinc and a new parasites-integrating analysis.PloS one · 2024Article
- The Cytotoxic Mycobacteriophage Protein Phaedrus gp82 Interacts with and Modulates the Activity of the Host ATPase, MoxR.Journal of molecular biology · 2023Article
- A Metabolite Produced by Gut Microbes Represses Phage Infections inACS chemical biology · 2022Article
- Phage Resistance Accompanies Reduced Fitness of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli in the Urinary Environment.mSphere · 2022Article
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- Article
- Identifying Causative Microorganisms in Left Ventricular Assist Device Infections as a Guide for Developing Bacteriophage Therapy.The Journal of surgical research · 2022Article
- Development of Phage Cocktails to TreatFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Antiviral Resistance and Phage Counter Adaptation to Antibiotic-Resistant Extraintestinal PathogenicmBio · 2021Article
- ComprehensiveMicrobial genomics · 2021Article
- Article
- Bacteriophage-Delivering Hydrogels: Current Progress in Combating Antibiotic Resistant Bacterial Infection.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Characterization ofViruses · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens are a major medical concern. E. coli, particularly the pathotype extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC), is a leading cause of bloodstream infections. As natural parasites of bacteria, bacteriophages are considered a possible solution to treat patients infected with antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria. However, the development of phage as an anti-infective therapeutic is hampered by limited knowledge of the physiologic factors that influence their properties in complex mammalian environments such as blood. To address this barrier, we tested the ability of phage to kill ExPEC in human blood. Phages are effective at killing ExPEC in conventional media but are substantially restricted in this ability in blood. This phage killing effect is dependent on the levels of free metals and is inhibited by the anticoagulant EDTA. The EDTA-dependent inhibition of ExPEC killing is overcome by exogenous iron, magnesium, and calcium. Metal-enhanced killing of ExPEC by phage was observed for several strains of ExPEC, suggesting a common mechanism. The addition of metals to a murine host infected with ExPEC stimulated a phage-dependent reduction in ExPEC levels. This work defines a role for circulating metals as a major factor that is essential for the phage-based killing of bacteria in blood.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.