Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29395919›Full record

ArticleCurrent biology : CB2018

Form and Function in Human Song.

Samuel A Mehr, Manvir Singh, Hunter York, Luke Glowacki, Max M Krasnow

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Current biology : CB, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
54citing papers in PubMed
20.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

54 citing papers in PubMed, 288 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Expressing emotions through music.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Chants across seven traditions share acoustic traits that enhance subjective relaxation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. CoVox: A dataset of contrasting vocalizations.Behavior research methods · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Misophonia reactions in the general population are correlated with strong emotional reactions to other everyday sensory-emotional experiences.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Universal interpretations of vocal music.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Article
  20. Web-based psychoacoustics of binaural hearing: Two validation experiments.The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · 2023
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.

Samuel A MehrDepartment of Psychology, Harvard University, 33 Kirkland St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Data Science Initiative, Harvard University, 1350 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington, Kelburn Parade, Wellington 6012, New Zealand. Electronic address: sam@wjh.harvard.edu.
Manvir SinghDepartment of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Peabody Museum, 11 Divinity Ave., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. Electronic address: manvirsingh@fas.harvard.edu.
Hunter YorkDepartment of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Peabody Museum, 11 Divinity Ave., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Luke GlowackiInstitute for Advanced Study in Toulouse, 21 Allée de Brienne, 31015 Toulouse, France; Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, 410 Carpenter Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Max M KrasnowDepartment of Psychology, Harvard University, 33 Kirkland St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Harvard University · USPennsylvania State University · US

Funding

Psychological functions of music in infancyDP5OD024566 · OD · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI MEHR, SAMUEL A · 2017 to 2021
$2.2M
NIH HHS DP5 OD024566
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Humans use music for a variety of social functions: we sing to accompany dance, to soothe babies, to heal illness, to communicate love, and so on. Across animal taxa, vocalization forms are shaped by their functions, including in humans. Here, we show that vocal music exhibits recurrent, distinct, and cross-culturally robust form-function relations that are detectable by listeners across the globe. In Experiment 1, internet users (n = 750) in 60 countries listened to brief excerpts of songs, rating each song's function on six dimensions (e.g., "used to soothe a baby"). Excerpts were drawn from a geographically stratified pseudorandom sample of dance songs, lullabies, healing songs, and love songs recorded in 86 mostly small-scale societies, including hunter-gatherers, pastoralists, and subsistence farmers. Experiment 1 and its analysis plan were pre-registered. Despite participants' unfamiliarity with the societies represented, the random sampling of each excerpt, their very short duration (14 s), and the enormous diversity of this music, the ratings demonstrated accurate and cross-culturally reliable inferences about song functions on the basis of song forms alone. In Experiment 2, internet users (n = 1,000) in the United States and India rated three contextual features (e.g., gender of singer) and seven musical features (e.g., melodic complexity) of each excerpt. The songs' contextual features were predictive of Experiment 1 function ratings, but musical features and the songs' actual functions explained unique variance in function ratings. These findings are consistent with the existence of universal links between form and function in vocal music.

Indexed as

Auditory PerceptionCuesJudgmentSingingAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedYoung Adultculturediversityevolutionformfunctionmusicsonguniversalityvocalization

Identifiers

PMID29395919
PMCPMC5805477
OpenAlexW2784996989

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.