ArticleTransactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene2017
Changing epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in northeastern Brazil: a 25-year follow-up of an urban outbreak.
Article in Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors associated with human visceral leishmaniasis cases during urban epidemics in Brazil: a systematic review.Parasitology · 2021Pooled it
- Sex in Immune Cells and Parasitic Diseases - A Complex Relationship.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Household risk factors associated with canine leishmaniasis in Fortaleza, northeastern Brazil: Environmental, social, dog characteristics, and exposure to canineOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Transcriptome profiling of L. infantum-infected human macrophages reveals sex-specific type I interferon induction.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- LeishTec vaccination disrupts vertical transmission of Leishmania infantum.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- T-cell activation and senescence in asymptomatic HIV/Leishmania infantum co-infection.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Assessment of asymptomaticFrontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Human Visceral Leishmaniasis in Brazil in the Past 20 Years: An Epidemiologic Update.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2025Review
- Spatial prediction of canine visceral leishmaniasis in an endemic urban area of Brazil.PloS one · 2025Article
- Visceral Leishmaniasis Service Delivery in Somalia: A Comprehensive Literature Review.Research and reports in tropical medicine · 2025Review
- Spatial Analysis and Socio-Environmental Determinants of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis in an Urban Area in Northeastern Brazil.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Article
- A Contribution towards Sustainable Development in the Amazon Based on a Socioeconomic and Environmental Analysis of Visceral Leishmaniasis in the State of Pará, Brazil.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Article
- Bayesian multivariate longitudinal model for immune responses to Leishmania: A tick-borne co-infection study.Statistics in medicine · 2023Article
- Phylogenetic and biogeographical traits predict unrecognized hosts of zoonotic leishmaniasis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Hierarchical spatiotemporal modeling of human visceral leishmaniasis in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Exploring the Potential of Big Data Analytics in Urban Epidemiology Control: A Comprehensive Study Using CiteSpace.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- High seroprevalence of Leishmania infantum is linked to immune activation in people with HIV: a two-stage cross-sectional study in Bahia, Brazil.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Factors associated with the expansion of leishmaniasis in urban areas: a systematic and bibliometric review (1959-2021).Journal of public health research · 2022Review
- Geographic Origin and Vertical Transmission of Leishmania infantum Parasites in Hunting Hounds, United States.Emerging infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Spatial and spatiotemporal patterns of human visceral leishmaniasis in an endemic southeastern area in countryside Brazil.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) continues to be a deadly parasitic disease in Brazil but the epidemiology has changed. The objective of this study was to assess the evolution of urban VL in the city of Natal, Brazil, over the past 25 y. Methods: A retrospective study of human VL was performed, considering reported cases over the past 25 y in Natal. Analyses considered the spatial distribution of VL cases, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) co-infection, Leishmania infantum infection in dogs, density of the insect vector (Lutzomyia longipalpis) and socio-economic factors. Results: Paralleling migration of the population, VL cases changed from mostly rural to predominantly urban regions. The incidence of human VL was highest during the initial years (1990-1994) of our study. Human VL was positively associated with a high density of L. longipalpis, a high prevalence of canine L. infantum infection and HIV/AIDS co-infection. The average age at diagnosis increased over prior years and males were more frequently affected. The overall fatality rate was 6%. Socio-economic variables indicative of poverty were associated with a greater incidence of VL and clusters of VL. Conclusion: VL has become endemic in Natal. The disease is associated with poverty and male gender. Surprisingly, there has been an increase in the age at diagnosis.
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