ReviewThe open cardiovascular medicine journal2017
The Role of Echocardiography in the Optimization of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.
Review in The open cardiovascular medicine journal, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Echocardiography- versus intracardiac electrocardiogram-based optimization of cardiac resynchronization therapy: A systematic review.Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc · 2023Pooled it
- Outcomes of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy with Image-Guided Left Ventricular Lead Placement at the Site of Latest Mechanical Activation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of interventional cardiology · 2022Pooled it
- Dyssynchrony-Induced Cardiomyopathy in Children: Mechanisms, Diagnosis, and Contemporary Management.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Review
- Physiological Pacing: Historical Review With an Eye to the Future.Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology · 2025Review
- Multipoint Left Ventricular Pacing as Alternative Approach in Cases of Biventricular Pacing Failure.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Assessment of the correlation between Doppler derived dP/dt and aortic velocity-time integral during cardiac resynchronization therapy optimization.The international journal of cardiovascular imaging · 2024Article
- Refining cardiac resynchronization therapy: a comprehensive review on the role of advanced multimodality imaging.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
- Non-invasive three-dimensional electrical activation mapping to predict cardiac resynchronization therapy response: site of latest left ventricular activation relative to pacing site.Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2023Article
- Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Comprehensive Review.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Vectorcardiographic QRS area as a predictor of response to cardiac resynchronization therapy.Journal of geriatric cardiology : JGC · 2022Article
- Left Ventricular Lead Placement Guided by Reduction in QRS Area.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Optimal CRT Implantation-Where and How To Place the Left-Ventricular Lead?Current heart failure reports · 2021Review
- State-of-the-art narrative review: multimodality imaging in electrophysiology and cardiac device therapies.Cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy · 2021Review
- Optimization of CRT programming using non-invasive electrocardiographic imaging to assess the acute electrical effects of multipoint pacing.Journal of arrhythmia · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has become a mainstay in the management of heart failure. Up to one-third of patients who received resynchronization devices do not experience the full benefits of CRT. The clinical factors influencing the likelihood to respond to the therapy are wide QRS complex, left bundle branch block, female gender, non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy (highest responders), male gender, ischaemic cardiomyopathy (moderate responders) and narrow QRS complex, non-left bundle branch block (lowest, non-responders).
objectiveThis review provides a conceptual description of the role of echocardiography in the optimization of CRT.
methodA literature survey was performed using PubMed database search to gather information regarding CRT and echocardiography.
resultsA total of 70 studies met selection criteria for inclusion in the review. Echocardiography helps in the initial selection of the patients with dyssynchrony, which will benefit the most from optimal biventricular pacing and provides a guide to left ventricular (LV) lead placement during implantation. Different echocardiographic parameters have shown promise and can offer the possibility of patient selection, response prediction, lead placement optimization strategies and optimization of device configurations.
conclusionLV ejection fraction along with specific electrocardiographic criteria remains the cornerstone of CRT patient selection. Echocardiography is a non-invasive, cost-effective, highly reproducible method with certain limitations and accuracy that is affected by measurement errors. Echocardiography can assist with the identification of the appropriate electromechanical substrate of CRT response and LV lead placement. The targeted approach can improve the haemodynamic response, as also the patient-specific parameters estimation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.