ArticleEndocrine2018
Hepatic intra-arterial therapies in metastatic neuroendocrine tumors: lessons from clinical practice.
Article in Endocrine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Treatment options for PNET liver metastases: a systematic review.World journal of surgical oncology · 2018Pooled it
- Hepatic arterial embolization procedures in neuroendocrine tumors with carcinoid heart disease: a retrospective single-center study on safety and feasibility.Endocrine-related cancer · 2026Article
- Review
- The Evolving Landscape of GEP-NENs in the Era of Precision Oncology: Molecular Insights into Tumor Heterogeneity.Cancers · 2025Review
- Case report: Surgical treatment and literature review of a recurrent case of glucagonoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Surgical Management of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.Cancers · 2023Review
- European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) 2022 Guidance Paper for Carcinoid Syndrome and Carcinoid Heart Disease.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2022Article
- Survival According to Therapy Regimen for Small Intestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Review
- Hepatic Artery Embolization for Palliation of Symptomatic Hypoglycemia in Patients With Hepatic Insulinoma Metastases.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2021Article
- Safety and Efficacy of Arterially Directed Liver Therapies in the Treatment of Hepatic Metastatic Ovarian Cancer: A Retrospective Single-Institution Study.Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR · 2021Article
- Liver-Directed Therapies for Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.Current oncology reports · 2021Review
- Liver-directed therapies for liver metastases from neuroendocrine neoplasms: Can laser ablation play any role?World journal of gastroenterology · 2020Review
- Carcinoid Syndrome: Updates and Review of Current Therapy.Current treatment options in oncology · 2019Review
- HCC: Transarterial Therapies-What the Interventional Radiologist Can Offer.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2019Review
- Current treatment strategies for patients with advanced gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs).Clinical diabetes and endocrinology · 2018Review
- Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: A Literature Review.Cancer diagnosis & prognosisReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLiver metastases are common in patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), having a negative impact on disease prognosis. The options for selective therapy in patients with unresectable multiple liver metastases are limited to TACE (transarterial chemoembolization), TAE (transarterial embolization), or SIRT (selective internal radiation therapy).
aimTo explore the clinical outcome, survival and safety of these therapies in NETs patients.
methodsRetrospective case series of consecutive patients (mean age 56.6 years, 59% male) treated at two tertiary university medical centers from 2005 to 2015.
resultsFifty-seven patients with G1, G2, and low G3 NETs with liver metastases were investigated (pancreatic NET (pNET), 24; small bowel, 16; unknown origin (UKO), 9; rectal, 3; lung, 3; and gastric, 2). Fifty-three patients underwent TACE, three patients underwent TAE, and one patient underwent SIRT. Clinical improvement and tumor response were observed in 54/57 patients (95%), together with marked decreased in tumor markers. The median time to tumor progression following the first treatment was 14 ± 16 months. The median overall survival was 22 ± 18 months, more pronounced in the pNET, followed by small bowel and UKO subgroups. There was a trend for a better survival in patients with disease limited to the liver and in whom the primary tumor was resected.
conclusionHepatic intra-arterial therapies are well tolerated in the majority of patients with NETs and liver metastases and associated with both clinical improvement and tumor stabilization for prolonged periods. These therapies should be always considered, irrespective of the presence of extrahepatic metastasis.
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Registered trials
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